10.5061/DRYAD.W3R2280MW
Demko, Alana
0000-0003-3597-8239
University of Windsor
Sosa-López, Roberto
Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Simpson, Richard
University of Windsor
Doucet, Stéphanie
University of Windsor
Mennill, Daniel
University of Windsor
Divergence in plumage, voice, and morphology indicates speciation in
Rufous-capped Warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons)
Dryad
dataset
2020
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
https://ror.org/01h531d29
University of Windsor
https://ror.org/01gw3d370
Government of Ontario
https://ror.org/015pzp858
Canada Foundation for Innovation
https://ror.org/000az4664
American Ornithological Society
https://ror.org/03wy7n216
Society of Canadian Ornithologists
https://ror.org/005yxzz69
American Museum of Natural History
https://ror.org/03thb3e06
Mitacs
https://ror.org/00cjrc276
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías
https://ror.org/059ex5q34
250910
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías
https://ror.org/059ex5q34
251526
CIIDIR Oaxaca*
1640-1781
CIIDIR Oaxaca
1640-1781
2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
en
425732170 bytes
5
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
The biodiversity of the Neotropics is considerable, but it is likely
underestimated owing to gaps in sampling effort and a focus on using
morphological features of animals to determine species differences rather
than divergence in their mating signals and behavior. Recent multi-trait
analyses incorporating morphological, plumage, and vocal data have allowed
for more accurate quantification of tropical biodiversity. We present a
comprehensive study of morphological features, plumage, and vocalizations
of the Neotropical resident Rufous-capped Warbler (Basileuterus
rufifrons). This species’ taxonomic status is controversial because the B.
r. salvini subspecies is intermediate in plumage coloration between the
neighboring B. r. delattrii and B. r. rufifrons subspecies. Using
morphological and spectral plumage measurements of field and museum
specimens, as well as analyses of vocalizations from field recordings and
sound libraries, we compared phenotypes of all eight currently recognized
Rufous-capped Warbler subspecies, with an emphasis on delattrii,
rufifrons, and salvini. We found that delattrii and rufifrons differ
significantly in morphology and plumage, and that salvini is similar to
rufifrons in morphology and some plumage features. Vocalizations fall into
two distinct groups, delattrii and rufifrons-salvini, which differ in
multiple spectro-temporal characteristics with no overlap between them,
even among individuals in the delattrii-rufifrons zone of sympatry. Our
results therefore suggest that Rufous-capped Warblers comprise two
distinct groups: Rufous-capped Warblers (B. r. rufifrons and salvini as
well as B. r. caudatus, dugesi, and jouyi) and Chestnut-capped Warblers
(B. r. delattrii as well as B. r. actuosus and mesochrysus). Future
genomic analysis of samples from multiple sites in Mexico and Central
America will further refine our assessment of range-wide phenotypic and
genetic divergence in this species complex.
Morphology data: Wing, tail, tarsus, and bill measurements were collected
from museum specimens and live birds caught in the field. Plumage
coloration data: Spectrometry measurements were collected from 10 body
regions for each museum specimen included in the analysis. Song data:
Recordings of singing birds were obtained in the field, and from the
Macaulay and University of Florida natural sound archives. The audio files
were high-pass filtered and spot-filtered to remove non-target background
sounds. The associated audio files included are minimally processed
versions (unprocessed or high-pass filtered only).
Morphology: Data spreadsheets: (1) RCWA_morphology.csv (all analyses
except DFA for females: all subspecies); (2) FemalesDFA.csv (DFA for
females: all subspecies) R script: RCWA_morphology.R Plumage coloration:
Data spreadsheets: (1) RCWA museum data summary_all.csv (raw spectral
data); (2) RCWA.spec_processed_2.csv (data summarized by individual) R
script: (1) RCWA spectral analysis_3spp.R (3-subspecies analysis);
(2) RCWA spectral analysis_plumage_grps.R (plumage groups analysis) Raw
data (folder): AUK-19-195 RCWA spectrometry (spectrometry data) Song: Data
spreadsheets: (1) RCWA_vocal analysis.csv (measurements summarized
for each song); (2) RCWA songs_average.csv (data summarized by individual)
R script: RCWA_vocal analysis.R Raw data (folder): RCWA song audio files