10.5061/DRYAD.S4MW6M94F
Wang, Yen-Wen
0000-0002-6851-1646
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Data from: De novo gene birth, horizontal gene transfer and gene
duplication as sources of new gene families associated with the origin of
a symbiosis in Amanita
Dryad
dataset
2020
gene family evolution
mycorrhizal fungi
Convergent evolution
Amanita muscaria
Amanita brunnescens
Amanita polypyramis
Amanita inopinata
Amanita thiersii
Volvariella volvacea
2020-07-16T00:00:00Z
2020-07-16T00:00:00Z
en
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CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
By introducing novel capacities and functions, new genes and gene families
may play a crucial role in ecological transitions. Mechanisms generating
new gene families include de novo gene birth, horizontal gene transfer and
neofunctionalization following a duplication event. The ectomycorrhizal
(ECM) symbiosis is a ubiquitous mutualism and the association has evolved
repeatedly and independently many times among the fungi, but the molecular
dynamics enabling its emergence remain elusive. We developed a
phylogenetic workflow to first understand if gene families unique to ECM
Amanita fungi and absent from closely related asymbiotic species are
functionally relevant to the symbiosis, and then to systematically infer
their origins. We identified 109 gene families unique to ECM Amanita
species. Genes belonging to unique gene families are under strong
purifying selection and are upregulated during symbiosis, compared to
genes of conserved or orphan gene families. The origins of seven of the
unique gene families are strongly supported as either de novo gene birth
(two gene families), horizontal gene transfer (four), and gene duplication
(one). An additional 34 families appear new because of their selective
retention within symbiotic species. Among the 109 unique gene families,
the most upregulated gene in symbiotic cultures encodes an ACC deaminase,
an enzyme capable of downregulating the synthesis of the plant hormone
ethylene. Ethylene is a common negative regulator of plant-microbial
mutualisms.
analytical results scripts README