10.5061/DRYAD.H1R1PG7
Acheson, Emily Sohanna
University of British Columbia
Kerr, Jeremy Thomas
University of Ottawa
Data from: Nets versus spraying: a spatial modelling approach reveals
indoor residual spraying targets Anopheles mosquito habitats better than
mosquito nets in Tanzania
Dryad
dataset
2018
Malaria
Anopheles mosquito
indoor residual spraying
2018-11-07T12:07:24Z
2018-11-07T12:07:24Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205270
3586090 bytes
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CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
The global implementation of malaria interventions has averted hundreds of
millions of clinical malaria cases in the last decade. This study assesses
predicted Anopheles mosquito distributions across the United Republic of
Tanzania before large-scale insecticide-treated net (ITN) rollouts and
indoor residual spraying (IRS) initiatives to determine whether mosquito
net usage by children under the age of five and IRS are targeted to areas
where historical evidence indicates mosquitoes thrive. Demographic and
Health Surveys data from 2011-2012 and 2015-2016 include detailed
measurements of mosquito net and IRS use across Tanzania. Anopheline data
are far less intensively collected, but we constructed a Maxent-built
baseline mosquito habitat suitability (MHS) map (AUC=0.872) with Tanzanian
Anopheles occurrence records from 1999-2003. This MHS model was tested
against independently-observed georeferenced Plasmodium falciparum cases
from the Malaria Atlas Project, with ~87% of cases from 1999-2003 (n=107)
and ~84% of cases from 1985-2012 (n=919) occurring in areas of high
predicted suitability for mosquitoes. We compared the validated MHS with
subsequent malaria interventions using mixed effects logistic regression.
Specifically, we assessed whether Anopheles habitat suitability related to
the frequency that ≥1 child in a household reportedly slept under a
mosquito net when that intervention later became widely available, and
whether IRS was reportedly applied to dwellings over a one-year period.
There was no evidence that mosquito net use the night before the survey
related to MHS from 2011-2012 and marginally significant evidence
(p<0.05) from 2015-2016 (β=1.466, 95% C.I.=0.848-2.103, marginal
R2=0.020, respectively). However, the likelihood of IRS treatments rose
relatively strongly in the 12 months prior to both surveys (β=13.466, 95%
C.I.=10.488-16.456, marginal R2=0.144, and β=6.817, 95% C.I.=5.439-8.303,
marginal R2=0.136, respectively). IRS treatments have therefore been
targeted more effectively than mosquito nets toward areas where anopheline
habitat suitability was previously found to be high.
Maxent_dataThis zipped file contains the ASCII files representing the
environmental factors used to make the Maxent model and
map.Anopheles_c2001This CSV file contains the combined Anopheles mosquito
coordinates, where mosquitoes were collected in Tanzania between
1999-2003, for the building of the Maxent model. These data, combined with
the ASCII environmental files, will reproduce the Maxent model and map
when used as input in the Maxent software.
Tanzania