10.5061/DRYAD.GXD2547NR
Tsykun, Tetyana
0000-0002-5655-5908
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Prospero, Simone
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Schoebel, Corine N.
0000-0001-9254-140X
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Rea, Alexander
Pathwest Laboratory Medicine
Burgess, Treena I.
Murdoch University
Global invasion history of the emerging plant pathogen Phytophthora multivora
Dryad
dataset
2021
2022-01-10T00:00:00Z
2022-01-10T00:00:00Z
en
70645 bytes
6
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
Abstract Background: global trade in living plants and plant material has
significantly increased the geographic distribution of many plant
pathogens. As a consequence, several pathogens have been first found and
described in their introduced range where they may cause severe damage on
naïve host species. Knowing the center of origin and the pathways of
spread of a pathogen is of importance for several reasons, including
identifying natural enemies and reducing further spread. Several
Phytophthora species are well-known invasive pathogens of natural
ecosystems, including Phytophthora multivora. Following the description of
P. multivora from dying native vegetation in Australia in 2009, the
species was subsequently found to be very common in South Africa where it
does not cause any remarkable disease. There are now reports of P.
multivora from many other countries worldwide, but not as a commonly
encountered species in natural environments. Results: a global collection
of 335 isolates from North America, Europe, Africa, Australia, the Canary
Islands, and New Zealand was used to unravel the worldwide invasion
history of P. multivora, using 10 microsatellite markers for all isolates
and sequence data from five loci from 94 representative isolates. Our
population genetic analysis revealed an extremely low heterozygosity,
significant non-random association of loci and substantial genotypic
diversity suggesting the spread of P. multivora readily by both asexual
and sexual propagules. The P. multivora populations in South Africa,
Australia, and New Zealand show the most complex genetic structure, are
well established and evolutionary older than those in Europe, North
America and the Canary Islands. Conclusions: according to conducted
analyses, the world invasion of P. multivora most likely commenced from
South Africa, which can be considered the center of origin of the species.
The pathogen was then introduced to Australia, which acted as bridgehead
population for Europe and North America. Our study highlighted a complex
global invasion pattern of P. multivora, including both direct
introductions from the native population and secondary
spread/introductions from bridgehead populations.