10.5061/DRYAD.G1JWSTQNZ
Shipley, Amy
0000-0002-1055-0845
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Ruffed Grouse Resource Selection Function and Survival Datasets
Dryad
dataset
2020
United States Department of Agriculture
https://ror.org/01na82s61
1006604 and 1003605
2020-08-19T00:00:00Z
2020-08-19T00:00:00Z
en
521241 bytes
3
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
For overwintering species, individuals’ ability to find refugia from
inclement weather and predators likely confers strong fitness benefits.
How animals use their environment can be mediated by their personality
(e.g., risk-taking), but does personality mediate how overwintering
species select refugia? Snow cover is a dynamic winter characteristic that
can influence crypsis or provide below-the-snow refugia. We explored how
wintering ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) selected snow roosting sites, a
behavior that reduces stress and cold exposure. We linked selection for
~700 roosts with survival of 42 grouse, and showed that grouse generally
selected deeper snow and warmer areas. Grouse found in shallow snow were
less likely to survive winter. However, individuals with personalities for
selecting deep snow improved their survival, suggesting that demographic
consequences of selecting winter refugia are mediated by differences in
personality. Our study provides a crucial, and seldom addressed, link
between personality in resource selection and resulting demographic
consequences.
Data were collected at Sandhill Wildlife Area in central Wisconsin.
Individual Ruffed Grouse were radio-collared and their resource selection
and survival were monitored for three winters: 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and
2017-2018. For the resource selection function,
"SSFdataset.csv", the dataset consists of GPS coordinates in
UTMs and habitat characteristics of used and available Ruffed Grouse roost
locations. For the survival analysis,"Survivaldataset.csv", the
dataset consists of encounter histories for each individual on a weekly
basis throughout the winter months, and covariates for each individual
that were used as predictors in the known-fate analysis.
For the step-selection function, predictors shown in
"SSFdataset.csv" have not yet been scaled. Environmental data
were extracted from raster files in R. Columns in this dataset are:
BirdName: a unique identifier for each individual Ruffed Grouse Waypoint:
The original waypoint used to mark the roost site of a given grouse on a
given day. The Waypoint is used as the stratum in this analysis, and is
used as an identifier to link used and available locations. Easting: UTM
Easting (m) Northing: UTM Northing (m) Depth: Snow depth (cm) JDate:
modified Julian date where December 1st = 1 and continues numerically
through March 31st of each year. used: This codes for used and available
habitat where 1 = the actual grouse roost location, and 0 = available
locations within 308 m of the roost location. distedge: The distance in
(m) to the forest edge minT: Daily minimum temperature (minimum
temperature on that day extracted for that location) MatureForest: The
proportion of habitat classified as Mature Forest within a 100-m buffer of
the location DenseCover: The proportion of habitat classified as Dense
Cover within a 100-m buffer of the location Other: The proportion of
habitat classfied as Other (mostly open water and marsh) within a 100-m
buffer of the location Open: The proportion of habitat classified as Open
within a 100-m buffer of the location ScrubOak: The proportion of habitat
classified as Scrub Oak within a 100-m buffer of the location spavgT:
winter temperature (the average minimum temperature calculated for that
location over the course of the winter) Year: 1 = 2015-2016, 2 =
2016-2017, 3 = 2017-2018 For the survival analysis,
"Survivaldataset.csv", the predictors have not yet been scaled.
To add the capture histories to the csv, use the R script
"WinterSurvival.R". Descriptions of columns in the dataset are
in the R script, and are also listed below. Individual covariates
(predictor variables) used in known-fate survival analysis: SSEA15M =
Mean snow selection above 15 cm ("SSE>15M", or
"personality in deep snow selection" in manuscript) SSEB15M =
Mean snow selection below 15 cm ("SSE<15M", or
"personality in shallow snow selection" in manuscript) WTSEM =
Mean winter temperature selection ("WTSEM", or "personality
in winter temperature selection" in manuscript) changeWTSE = change
in winter temperature selection ("deltaWTSE" or "plasticity
in winter temperature selection" in manuscript) changeSSEA15 =
change in snow selection above 15 cm ("deltaSSE>15" or
"plasticity in deep snow selection" in manuscript) changeSSEB15
= change in snow selection below 15 cm ("deltaSSE<15" or
"plasticity in shallow snow selection" in manuscript) WTEXP =
median winter temperature that individual was exposed to at used roost
sites FEXP = median proportion of mature forest that was present within
100 m of individual's used roost sites ("forest exposure")
OEXP = median proportion of open habitat that was present within 100 m of
individual's used roost sites ("open habitat exposure")
SEXPB15 = median snow depth value at individual's used roost sites
when snow depth at roost sites was below 15 cm ("SEXP<15"
or "shallow snow exposure") SEXPA15 = median snow depth value
at individual's used roost sites when snow depth at roost sites was
above 15 cm ("SEXP>15" or "deep snow exposure")
year = 1 = 2015-2016; 2 = 2016-2017; 3 = 2017-2018