10.5061/DRYAD.CVDNCJT6F
Neumann, Landon
0000-0003-1907-0802
Oklahoma State University
Neumann, Landon
Oklahoma State University
Davis, Craig
Oklahoma State University
Fuhlendorf, Samuel
Oklahoma State University
Andersson, Kent
Oklahoma State University
Elmore, R. Dwayne
Oklahoma State University
Goodman, Laura
Oklahoma State University
Understanding how diel and seasonal rhythms affect the movements of a
small non-migratory bird
Dryad
dataset
2022
FOS: Natural sciences
Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation
https://ror.org/00bnq0b88
Hatch Program funding*
OKL03193
Groendyke Endowement*
Bollenbach Endowment*
2022-04-29T00:00:00Z
2022-04-29T00:00:00Z
en
4493759 bytes
2
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
Diel and seasonal rhythms affect an animal’s environment and life history.
Understanding how these rhythms influence movement increases our knowledge
on how animals adjust to changing resources, environmental conditions, and
risk to their survival. To better understand how diel and seasonal rhythms
affect animals, we evaluated movements of Northern Bobwhite (Colinus
virginianus); hereafter, bobwhite. Because bobwhite are a small
non-migratory species that must cope with daily and seasonal changes in
their environment year-around, they are a model species to study how diel
and seasonal rhythms influence animal movement of a non-migratory species.
Global positioning system data from transmitters attached to bobwhite at
four wildlife management sites across Oklahoma were collected during
2019–2021. We parsed the diel data as daytime (7:00–19:00 Central Daylight
Savings Time [CDT]) and nighttime (19:00–7:00 CDT), and diurnal
(sunrise–sunset) and nocturnal (sunset–sunrise) as well as by astronomical
season. We calculated three movement metrics: net displacement (Euclidean
distance from the starting fix to the ending fix of a path which
encompasses consecutive relocations in a time series of geographic fixes),
cumulative distance (sum of all Euclidean distances between each
consecutive fix along the path), and hourly movement. We modeled the data
using a generalized linear mixed-modeling approach. Across season, model
predictions showed that net displacement was highest during spring, and
daytime cumulative distance slowly increased as the year progressed.
Bobwhite had two movement peaks during the diurnal period, one during
9:00–10:00 and the other during 17:00–20:00 depending on the season.
Despite being diurnal, bobwhite occasionally made nocturnal movements,
likely in response to a disturbance by a predator, inclement weather, or
energetic demands. Movement peaks during the diurnal period may reflect
changes in behavior in response to energy requirements, predator risk, and
changes in air temperature. Life history events, likely cause seasonal
differences in movement. This study furthers our understanding on how
animals move daily and seasonally suggesting the importance of analyzing
movement across the entire year because animals move differently across
the day and year.