10.5061/DRYAD.CH8D7
Endriss, Stacy B.
Colorado State University
Alba, Christina
Colorado State University
Norton, Andrew P.
Colorado State University
Pyšek, Petr
Charles University
Hufbauer, Ruth A.
Colorado State University
Data from: Breakdown of a geographic cline explains high performance of
introduced populations of a weedy invader
Dryad
dataset
2018
EICA
Verbascum thapsus
plant-climate interactions
abiotic clines
Invasion ecology
2018-07-31T00:00:00Z
2018-07-31T00:00:00Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12845
119910 bytes
1
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
1. What drives the evolution of increased growth and fecundity in plants
introduced to a novel range is not well understood. 2. We investigate
between-range differences in performance for Verbascum thapsus, a weedy
invader known to grow larger in its introduced than native range.
Specifically, we question whether adaptation to herbivory or climate best
explains increased performance of introduced populations. 3. We grew 14
native and 22 introduced populations of V. thapsus in two common garden
locations: near Prague, Czech Republic (native range) and in Colorado, USA
(introduced range). By removing herbivores from half of the plants within
each garden we tested the prediction of the Evolution of Increased
Competitive Ability (EICA) hypothesis: increased performance is driven by
an evolutionary shift of resources away from defence against herbivory
towards growth and reproduction. We then investigated whether genetically
based clines in performance are expressed along climate gradients within
both the native and introduced ranges. 4. On average, seeds produce larger
rosettes when collected from the introduced versus native range. While
this evolution of increased growth in introduced populations in part
matches the prediction of EICA, climate, not herbivory, best explains this
between-range difference. Specifically, seeds collected from the native
range produce smaller rosettes as the climate of origin becomes cooler and
drier, while there is no cline in performance in rosettes grown from seed
collected from the introduced range, which are large regardless of climate
of origin. Thus, a climate-based cline within the native range best
explains lower average performance of native compared to introduced
populations. SYNTHESIS: The breakdown in a potentially adaptive cline
emphasizes the need to more closely investigate the evolutionary processes
that shape geographic structuring (or its absence) within the introduced
range. In addition, EICA is not universally applicable to all invasion
scenarios, and our findings underscore the importance of testing
underlying assumptions alongside the predictions of this hypothesis.
Common Garden Performance DataIncludes data related to the performance of
Verbascum thapsus rosettes grown in a common garden. Columns include:
'Plant' (unique ID associated with each rosette; numbers are not
consecutive due to attrition before planting and plants that were excluded
due to faulty irrigation), 'Population' (unique ID associated
with each population; numbers are also not consecutive due to attrition
before planting and plants that were excluded due to faulty irrigation),
'Origin' (continental range of seed collection; North American
or European), 'Block' (1 or 2; a spatial block that coincides
with maternal line), 'Treatment' (Ambient or Reduced Herbivory),
'PC1' (Principle Component associated mainly with temperature),
'PC2' (Principle Component associated mainly with precipitation
during warm or wet periods), 'PC3' (Principle Component
associated mainly with precipitation during warm and dry periods),
'Rosette.Area' (cm^2), 'Alive' (indicates where the
rosette survived [1] or died [0] before September of the first growing
season), 'Survival.to.Beginning.of.the.Second.Growing.Season'
(0=no, 1=yes), 'Young.Leaf.Chewing.Damage' (estimate of average
percent leaf tissue removed on young leaves by insect herbivores),
'Binomial.Young.Leaf.Chewing.Damage' (0=no visible damage,
1=visible damage on young leaves),
'Old.Leaf.Average.Chewing.Damage' (estimate of average percent
leaf tissue removed on old leaves by insect herbivores),
Binomial.Old.Leaf.Chewing.Damage (0=no visible damage, 1=visible damage on
young leaves), 'Garden' (Garden Location; either U.S. or Czech
Republic).Performance Data.csvResistance to Herbivory DataIncludes data
related to resistance against herbivory of native and introduced
populations of Verbascum thapsus. Columns include: 'Garden'
(Garden Location; either U.S. or Czech Republic), 'Block' (1 or
2; a spatial block that also coincides with maternal line),
'Population' (unique ID associated with each population; numbers
are also not consecutive due to attrition before planting and plants that
were excluded due to faulty irrigation), 'Origin' (continental
range of seed collection; North American or European),
'Latitude' (of seed source), 'Longitude' (of seed
source), 'PC1' (Principle Component associated mainly with
temperature), 'PC2' (Principle Component associated mainly with
precipitation during warm or wet periods), 'PC3' (Principle
Component associated mainly with precipitation during warm and dry
periods), 'Average.Rosette.Area.under.Reduced.Herbivory' (cm^2;
rosette area for plants sprayed with systemic insecticide),
'Average.Ambient.Old.Leaf.Damage' (estimate of average percent
leaf tissue removed on old leaves by insect herbivores when plants were
sprayed with a water control).Resistance Data.csvTolerance to Herbivory
DataIncludes data related to tolerance to herbivory of native and
introduced populations of Verbascum thapsus. Columns include:
'Garden' (Garden Location; either U.S. or Czech Republic),
'Block' (1 or 2; a spatial block that also coincides with
maternal line), 'Population' (unique ID associated with each
population; numbers are also not consecutive due to attrition before
planting and plants that were excluded due to faulty irrigation),
'Origin' (continental range of seed collection; North American
or European), 'Latitude' (of seed source), 'Longitude'
(of seed source), 'PC1' (Principle Component associated mainly
with temperature), 'PC2' (Principle Component associated mainly
with precipitation during warm or wet periods), 'PC3' (Principle
Component associated mainly with precipitation during warm and dry
periods), 'Coefficient.of.Tolerance.Slope' (the slope of the
line of log-transformed rosette area plotted against percent herbivore
damage experienced by each plant),
'Variance.of.Tolerance.Slope'.Tolerance Data.csv
Europe
North America