10.5061/DRYAD.B77D0
Garzón-Orduña, Ivonne J.
Tennessee State University
Silva-Brandão, Karina L.
University of Sao Paulo
Willmott, Keith R.
Florida Museum of Natural History
Freitas, André V. L.
State University of Campinas
Brower, Andrew V. Z.
Tennessee State University
Data from: Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on
alternative secondary calibrations
Dryad
dataset
2015
crown ages
Danainae
secondary calibrations
hostplant
asynchronous association
Ithomiini
Nymphalidae
Solanaceae
2015-06-11T16:10:17Z
2015-06-11T16:10:17Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syv032
3770291 bytes
1
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae
(nightshades) provides the opportunity to use independent calibrations to
test divergence times previously inferred for the diverse Neotropical
butterfly tribe Ithomiini. Ithomiini includes clades that are obligate
herbivores of Solanaceae, with some genera feeding on only one genus. We
used 8 calibrations extracted from the plant tree in a new relaxed
molecular-clock analysis to produce an alternative temporal framework for
the diversification of ithomiines. We compared the resulting age estimates
to: (i) a time-tree obtained using 7 secondary calibrations from the
Nymphalidae tree of Wahlberg et al. (2009), and (ii) Wahlberg et
al.'s (2009) original age estimates for the same clades. We found
that Bayesian clock estimates were rather sensitive to a variety of
analytical parameters, including taxon sampling. Regardless of this
sensitivity however, ithomiine divergence times calibrated with the ages
of nightshades were always on average half the age of previous estimates.
Younger dates for ithomiine clades appear to fit better with factors long
suggested to have promoted diversification of the group such as the
uplifting of the Andes, in the case of montane genera. Alternatively, if
ithomiines are as old as previous estimates suggest, the recent ages
inferred for the diversification of Solanaceae seem likely to be seriously
underestimated. Our study exemplifies the difficulty of testing hypotheses
of divergence times and of choosing between alternative dating scenarios,
and shows that age estimates based on seemingly plausible calibrations may
be grossly incongruent.
Sup_Mat_Garzonetal_syst.bioSupplemental material
1-10Supp_Mat_Garzonetal_systbio15.docx