10.5061/DRYAD.79CNP5HW5
Pouteau, Robin
0000-0003-3090-6551
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Map of the proportion of threatened endemic species per country in
relation with environmental and socioeconomic drivers
Dryad
dataset
2021
Conservation biology
2021-10-29T00:00:00Z
2021-10-29T00:00:00Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13438
3486517 bytes
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CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
This dataset is a shapefile representing the proportion of threatened
endemic species (both plants and animals) in 247 countries along with
associated environmental and socioeconomic drivers. The geographic
coordinate system is World Geodetic System 1984 (EPSG: 4326).
Information on a total of 65,125 endemic species including 27,294 globally
threatened endemic species (55% threatened plant species, 45% threatened
animal species) was extracted from the IUCN Red List. The categories of
threatened species used in the analyses included vulnerable (VU),
endangered (EN), critically endangered (CR), extinct in the wild (EW) and
globally extinct (EX). We calculated the proportion of globally threatened
endemic species among the total number of assessed endemic species per
country (Chamberlain et al., 2020). Associated environmental socioeconomic
regional correlates included: 1) Cropland: The proportion of each country
covered by crops (including food, fibre and fodder crops and pasture
grasses) was determined based on a FAO global map with a resolution of 5
arc-minutes (von Velthuizen et al., 2007); 2) HANPP: The proportion of net
primary production appropriated by humans (HANPP) by harvesting or burning
biomass and by converting natural ecosystems to managed lands with lower
productivity was derived for the year 2010 from Krausmann et al. (2013);
3) Delta HANPP: We also computed the increase in HANPP over the period
1962-2010 (Krausmann et al., 2013); 4) per area GDP: The per area gross
domestic product (GDP, in international $) was obtained by calculating the
median value over each country of all 5 arcmin cells of a recently gridded
GDP dataset (Kummu et al., 2018); 5) Human Footprint (HFP): The global
terrestrial human footprint (HFP) is an index integrating the influence of
built environments, population density, electric infrastructure,
croplands, pasture lands, roads, railways, and navigable waterways on the
environment based on remotely-sensed and bottom-up survey information
(Venter et al., 2016). We extracted from a 1 km resolution HFP map the
median value over each country in 2009; 6) Delta HFP: We also calculated
the increase in median HFP over the period 1993-2009 (Venter et al.,
2016); 7) Invasive alien plants: The richness of invasive alien vascular
plant species recorded in each country was compiled by Essl et al. (2019);
8) Invasive alien animals: The richness of invasive alien animal species
was derived from the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species
database (http://griis.org/ accessed on 27-6-2018); 9) Delta temperature:
Based on decadal climate maps produced by the IPCC over the last century
with a 0.5° resolution, we calculated the median of the change in annual
mean temperature (in °C) between 1901-1910 and 1981-1990 (Mitchell
& Jones, 2005); 10) Delta rainfall: The same for annual
precipitation (in mm); 11) Velocity temperature: We also calculated the
median velocity of climate change based on the formula from Hamann et al.
(2015) to evaluate the distance (in °) over which a species must migrate
over the surface of the earth to maintain constant temperature conditions;
12) Velocity rainfall: The same for precipitation; 13) Roadless areas: The
median area of a roadless fragment (in km²) was calculated from the global
map of roadless areas published by Ibisch et al. (2016); 14) Wilderness
areas: The proportion of wildlands (categories ‘wild woodlands’ and ‘wild
treeless and barren lands’) was calculated from the anthropogenic biome
map of Ellis et al. (2010); 15) Protected areas: The proportion of
protected areas was estimated from the IUCN’s shapefile of World Database
on Protected Areas
(https://www.iucn.org/theme/protected-areas/our-work/world-database-protected-areas); 16) Conservation spending: The mean annual conservation spending of each country (in international $) was taken from Waldron et al. (2017) to quantify investment to mitigate biodiversity loss; 17) Completeness of biodiversity information: We used data on the estimated percentage completeness of species records in GBIF, as assessed through comparison with independent estimates of native richness. Inventory effort indices available for vertebrates (Meyer et al., 2015) and vascular plants (Meyer et al., 2016) were merged into a single metric based upon an average weighted by estimated native species richness.