10.5061/DRYAD.63Q27
Zanne, Amy E.
University of Washington
Tank, David C.
University of Idaho
Cornwell, William K.
Department of Ecological Sciences, Systems Ecology, de Boelelaan 1085,
1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands,
Eastman, Jonathan M.
University of Idaho
Smith, Stephen A.
University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
FitzJohn, Richard G.
University of British Columbia
McGlinn, Daniel J.
Utah State University
O'Meara, Brian C.
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
Moles, Angela T.
Environmental Earth Sciences
Reich, Peter B.
University of Minnesota
Royer, Dana L.
Wesleyan University
Soltis, Douglas E.
University of Florida
Stevens, Peter F.
University of Missouri–St. Louis
Westoby, Mark
Macquarie University
Wright, Ian J.
Macquarie University
Aarssen, Lonnie
Queen's University
Bertin, Robert I.
College of the Holy Cross
Calaminus, Andre
University of Florida
Govaerts, Rafaël
Royal Botanic Gardens
Hemmings, Frank
Environmental Earth Sciences
Leishman, Michelle R.
Macquarie University
Oleksyn, Jacek
University of Minnesota
Soltis, Pamela S.
Florida Museum of Natural History
Swenson, Nathan G.
Department of Plant Biology
Warman, Laura
Environmental Earth Sciences
Beaulieu, Jeremy M.
National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis
Ordonez, Alejandro
Data from: Three keys to the radiation of angiosperms into freezing
environments
Dryad
dataset
2014
growth form
Euphyllophyta
woodiness
freezing exposure
plant trait
Angiospermae
WorldClim
Spermatophyta
Tracheophyta
2014-10-22T00:00:00Z
2014-10-22T00:00:00Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12872
84509519 bytes
2
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
Early flowering plants are thought to have been woody species restricted
to warm habitats1, 2, 3. This lineage has since radiated into almost every
climate, with manifold growth forms4. As angiosperms spread and climate
changed, they evolved mechanisms to cope with episodic freezing. To
explore the evolution of traits underpinning the ability to persist in
freezing conditions, we assembled a large species-level database of growth
habit (woody or herbaceous; 49,064 species), as well as leaf phenology
(evergreen or deciduous), diameter of hydraulic conduits (that is, xylem
vessels and tracheids) and climate occupancies (exposure to freezing). To
model the evolution of species’ traits and climate occupancies, we
combined these data with an unparalleled dated molecular phylogeny (32,223
species) for land plants. Here we show that woody clades successfully
moved into freezing-prone environments by either possessing transport
networks of small safe conduits5 and/or shutting down hydraulic function
by dropping leaves during freezing. Herbaceous species largely avoided
freezing periods by senescing cheaply constructed aboveground tissue.
Growth habit has long been considered labile6, but we find that growth
habit was less labile than climate occupancy. Additionally, freezing
environments were largely filled by lineages that had already become herbs
or, when remaining woody, already had small conduits (that is, the trait
evolved before the climate occupancy). By contrast, most deciduous woody
lineages had an evolutionary shift to seasonally shedding their leaves
only after exposure to freezing (that is, the climate occupancy evolved
before the trait). For angiosperms to inhabit novel cold environments they
had to gain new structural and functional trait solutions; our results
suggest that many of these solutions were probably acquired before their
foray into the cold.
Taxonomic lookup table containing clade-level mappings for 15,363 genera
of Spermatophyta.Spermatophyta_Genera.csvGlobal Woodiness
DatabaseGlobalWoodinessDatabase.csvPhylogenetic ResourcesThis archive
contains datasets and resulting trees for maximum likelihood phylogeny
reconstruction and time-scaling.PhylogeneticResources.zipGlobal Plant
Species Freezing Exposure DatabaseThis collection of files documents the
processing of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
geographic data and the WorldClim Bioclim data to produce a species
freezing exposure datafile which is also included.climate.zipGlobal Leaf
Phenology DatabaseGlobalLeafPhenologyDatabase.csv
Global