10.5061/DRYAD.4M35M
Biersma, Elisabeth Machteld
British Antarctic Survey
Jackson, Jennifer A.
British Antarctic Survey
Hyvonen, Jaakko
University of Helsinki
Koskinen, Satu
Natural Environment Research Council
Linse, Katrin
British Antarctic Survey
Griffiths, Howard
University of Cambridge
Convey, Peter
British Antarctic Survey
Data from: Global biogeographic patterns in bipolar moss species
Dryad
dataset
2017
high latitude
polar
Polytrichum juniperinum
Polytrichastrum
Polytrichaceae
bryophyte
Polytrichum piliferum
moss
Polytrichum strictum
Polytrichastrum alpinum
Oligocene
Amphitropical
Bipolar disjunction
Miocene
2017-06-09T16:03:19Z
2017-06-09T16:03:19Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170147
434317 bytes
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CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
A bipolar disjunction is an extreme, yet common, biogeographic pattern in
non-vascular plants, yet its underlying mechanisms (vicariance or
long-distance dispersal), origin and timing remain poorly understood.
Here, combining a large-scale population dataset and multiple dating
analyses, we examine the biogeography of four bipolar Polytrichales
mosses, common to the Holarctic (temperate and polar Northern Hemisphere
regions) and the Antarctic region (Antarctic, sub-Antarctic, southern
South America) and other Southern Hemisphere (SH) regions. Our data reveal
contrasting patterns, for three species were of Holarctic origin, with
subsequent dispersal to the SH, while one, currently a particularly common
species in the Holarctic (Polytrichum juniperinum), diversified in the
Antarctic region and from here colonized both the Holarctic and other SH
regions. Our findings suggest long-distance dispersal as the driver of
bipolar disjunctions. We find such inter-hemispheric dispersals are rare,
occurring on multi-million-year timescales. High-altitude tropical
populations did not act as trans-equatorial ‘stepping-stones’, but rather
were derived from later dispersal events. All arrivals to the Antarctic
region occurred well before the Last Glacial Maximum and previous
glaciations, suggesting that, despite the harsh climate during these past
glacial maxima, plants have had a much longer presence in this southern
region than previously thought.
Bayesian_analysesnex and tree files for Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of
trnL-F and ITS 1+2ML_analysesRAxML-GUI tree filesArlequin_filesArlequin
arp analyses and xml result filesHaplotype_network_analysesTCS network nex
files (ITS1+2 and ITS2 only) used in PopartBEAST_analysesxml and tree
files for the different molecular dating analyses as used in BEAST. These
include the two two-step dating analyses, one with (I1a + I2a) and one
without (I1b + I2b) the fossil Eopolytrichum antiquum, and the molecular
rate analysis (II).
global