10.5061/DRYAD.0CFXPNW36
Toczydlowski, Rachel
0000-0002-8141-2036
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Waller, Donald
0000-0001-5377-3929
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Data and code for: Plastic and quantitative genetic divergence mirror
environmental gradients among wild, fragmented populations of Impatiens
capensis
Dryad
dataset
2021
Balsaminaceae
common garden
habitat fragmentation
genetic diversity
Genetic drift
jewelweed
local adaptation
phenotypic divergence
plasticity
Quantitative traits
National Science Foundation
https://ror.org/021nxhr62
DGE-1256259
2021-10-20T00:00:00Z
2021-10-20T00:00:00Z
en
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1782
https://bitbucket.org/toczydlowski/impatiens_phenotypic_diversity
16170596542 bytes
4
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
Premise of the study: Habitat fragmentation generates molecular genetic
divergence among isolated populations but few studies have assessed
phenotypic divergence and fitness in populations where the genetic
consequences of habitat fragmentation are known. Phenotypic divergence
could reflect plasticity, local adaptation, and/or genetic drift. Methods:
We examined patterns and potential drivers of phenotypic divergence among
12 populations of jewelweed (Impatiens capensis Meerb.) that show strong
molecular genetic signals of isolation and drift among fragmented
habitats. We measured morphological and reproductive traits in both
maternal plants within natural populations and their self-fertilized
progeny grown together in a common garden. We also quantified
environmental divergence between home sites and the common garden. Key
results: Populations with less molecular genetic variation expressed less
maternal phenotypic variation. Progeny in the common garden converged in
phenotypes relative to their wild mothers but retained among-population
differences in morphology, survival, and reproduction. Among-population
phenotypic variance was 3-10x greater in home sites than in the common
garden for 6 of 7 morphological traits measured. Patterns of phenotypic
divergence paralleled environmental gradients in ways suggestive of
adaptation. Progeny resembled their mothers less as the environmental
distance between their home site and the common garden increased.
Conclusions: Despite strong molecular signatures of isolation and drift,
phenotypic differences among these Impatiens populations appear to reflect
both adaptive quantitative genetic divergence and plasticity. Quantifying
the extent of local adaptation and plasticity and how these covary with
molecular and phenotypic variation help us predict when populations may
lose their adaptive capacity.
Detailed methods are available in the README for this data package.
Briefly - Morphological data (height, stem diameter, leaf size and shape
traits) and reproductive output data were collected on 96 Impatiens
capensis plants in each of 12 remote home field sites in southern/central
Wisconsin. Cleistogamous seeds were collected from a subset of these
mother plants, germinated in a greenhouse, and grown in a common garden
for their lifetime. In the common garden, the same morphological data
were collected as on the mothers and lifetime reproductive output was
recorded. Climate, soils, and canopy openness environmental data were
collected or downloaded for each of the 12 remote home field sites and the
common garden.
impatiens_phenotypic_diversity.zip This repository contains all of the raw
data and code for the paper:Toczydlowski, R. H., and Waller, D. M. 2021.
Plastic and quantitative genetic divergence mirror environmental gradients
among wild, fragmented populations of Impatiens capensis. American Journal
of Botany, 109, 99-114.A dynamic version of most (but not all, due to
space limitations) of this data package is also housed in a git repository
on BitBucket
at:https://bitbucket.org/toczydlowski/impatiens_phenotypic_diversity