10.5061/DRYAD.05QFTTF19
de Almeida, Crislaine
0000-0003-3299-7696
Federal University of São Carlos
Augusto Gorne Viani, Ricardo
Federal University of São Carlos
Non-continuous reproductive phenology of animal-dispersed species in young
forest restoration plantings
Dryad
dataset
2020
São Paulo Research Foundation
https://ror.org/02ddkpn78
#2013/50718-5
São Paulo Research Foundation
https://ror.org/02ddkpn78
#2015/05832-0
2020-08-28T00:00:00Z
2020-08-28T00:00:00Z
en
657885 bytes
3
CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
Tree species that produce resources for fauna are recommended for forest
restoration plantings to attract pollinators and seed dispersers; however,
information regarding the flowering and fruiting of these species during
early growth stages is scarce. We evaluated the reproductive phenology of
animal-dispersed tree species widely used in Atlantic Forest restoration.
We marked 16 animal-dispersed tree species in 3- to 8-year-old forest
restoration plantings in Itu-São Paulo, southeast Brazil. We noted the age
of the first reproductive event, flowering and fruiting seasonality,
percentage of trees that reached reproductive stages, and intensity of
bud, flower, and fruit production for each species. Flowering and fruiting
are seasonal for most species; only two, Cecropia pachystachya and Ficus
guaranitica, exhibited continuous flowering and fruiting throughout the
year; we also identified Schinus terebinthifolia and Dendropanax cuneatus
fruiting in the dry season during resource scarcity. Therefore, we
recommend all as framework species, that is, species that are
animal-dispersed with early flowering and fruiting potential, for forest
restoration. Further, we recommend identifying and planting similar
animal-dispersed tree species that produce fruits constantly or in the dry
season to maximize fauna resource availability throughout the year in
tropical forest restoration plantings.
We marked between six and 22 randomly selected individual trees per
species per age of plantation. The six plantations are distributed along
the Forest Experiment Center, and they were 3- (planted in 2013), 4-
(2012), 5- (2011), 6- (2010), 7- (2009), and 8-years old (2008). Trees
marked totaled 750 individuals of 16 animal-dispersed species. We observed
the reproductive phenology of all marked trees monthly over two years,
from September 2015 to August 2017. During this time, we observed the
presence/absence of buds, flowers, and unripe and ripe fruits, and we
classified these variables using the Fournier semi-quantitative scale
(Fournier, 1974). The Fournier scale visually estimates reproductive
phenophases using a score of 0 to 4, where 0 denotes absence of a
phenophase, and 1, 2, 3, and -4 represent 1-25, 26-50, 51-75, and 76-100%
of maximum phenophase intensity, respectively.