10.1594/PANGAEA.407959
Goldberg, Edward D
Edward D
Goldberg
Griffin, John J
John J
Griffin
Mineralogy of northern Indian Ocean surface sediments and of suspended sediments of Indian rivers (Table 2 and 5)
PANGAEA
1970
Event label
Sample code/label
Latitude of event
Longitude of event
Elevation of event
DEPTH, sediment/rock
Montmorillonite
Illite
Kaolinite+Chlorite
Kaolinite
Chlorite
Quartz
River gauging station
Gravity corer
Piston corer
Global River Discharge
CIRCE
ZEPHII
Melville
Horizon
1962-09-21T00:00:00/1962-09-29T00:00:00
en
Supplementary Dataset
10.1016/0011-7471(70)90065-3
345 data points
text/tab-separated-values
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
The solid phases from surface sediments, atmospheric dusts, and rivers of the Indian Ocean environment have been analyzed for their clay minerals and quartz. Such data have been used to delimit the transport paths and sources of the detrital minerals in the oceanic deposits. Diagnostic in distinguishing fluvial and eolian inputs to the northern Indian Ocean is a combination of the clay mineral assemblages and of their geographic distributions.
River borne solids are the primary components of the Bay of Bengal deposits. The eastern part receives its continental input through the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system, while drainage of the Indian Peninsula by rivers introduces solids to the western part. The former materials are characterized by high illite and chlorite in the clay mineral assemblages; the latter by montmorillonite. The winds over the Bay bear distinctive dust burdens based upon their directions. However, their contributions to the sediments are insignificant.
The eastern sector of the Arabian Sea receives major contributions of continental debris from the rivers and the high montmorillonite levels clearly indicate a source in the Indian Peninsula. The rest of the Sea appears to receive most of its land-derived materials from the north, perhaps the desert regions of northern India and West Pakistan, and they are wind-borne. These materials are also transported to the equatorial regions of the Indian Ocean.
A gradient in attapulgite, just north of the equator, may indicate an eolian contribution to the Arabian Sea from the African continent.
The halogenated hydrocarbon pesticides were assayed in the southwest monsoon winds and enter the Bay of Bengal at levels of a half ton per month, an amount comparable to those introduced by other wind and river systems to the marine environment.
Supplement to: Goldberg, Edward D; Griffin, John J (1970): The sediments of the northern Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 17(3), 513-537
47.117
94.367
1.275
24.5
Sabarmat, India, Asia
Bay of Bengal
Burma Sea, Andaman Sea
Indian Ocean
Cauvery, India, Asia
Godavary, India, Asia
Ganges, Bangladesh, Asia
Arabian Sea
Krishna, India, Asia