{"data":{"id":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3241405","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3241405","prefix":"10.6084","suffix":"m9.figshare.c.3241405","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Shahira M Ezzat","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Salama, Maha M","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Maha M","familyName":"Salama","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Engy A Mahrous","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Maes, Louis","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Louis","familyName":"Maes","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Cheol-Ho Pan","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Abdel-Sattar, Essam","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Essam","familyName":"Abdel-Sattar","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Antiprotozoal activity of major constituents from the bioactive fraction of \u003ci\u003eVerbesina encelioides\u003c/i\u003e"}],"publisher":"Figshare","container":{},"publicationYear":2016,"subjects":[{"subject":"Biochemistry"},{"subject":"29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Physical sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Physical sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Medicine"},{"subject":"Microbiology"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Genetics"},{"subject":"Pharmacology"},{"subject":"59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Chemical sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Chemical sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2016-05-07","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2016-05-07","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2016","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"GEN","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"article","schemaOrg":"Collection","resourceType":"Collection","resourceTypeGeneral":"Collection"},"relatedIdentifiers":[],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":[],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"CC-BY","rightsUri":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"The bioactive petroleum ether fraction of \u003ci\u003eVerbesina encelioides\u003c/i\u003e, previously studied by the authors, was chosen for the isolation of antiprotozoal metabolites. Pseudotaraxasterol-3β-acetate (\u003cb\u003e1\u003c/b\u003e), benzyl 2,6-dimethoxy benzoate (\u003cb\u003e2\u003c/b\u003e), 16β-hydroxy-pseudotaraxasterol-3β-palmitate (\u003cb\u003e3\u003c/b\u003e) and pseudotaraxasterol (\u003cb\u003e4\u003c/b\u003e), in addition to \u003ci\u003eβ\u003c/i\u003e-sitosterol glucoside (\u003cb\u003e5\u003c/b\u003e) and \u003ci\u003eβ\u003c/i\u003e-sitosterol galactoside (\u003cb\u003e6)\u003c/b\u003e were isolated and identified based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional spectral analysis. This is the first report describing \u003cb\u003e(3)\u003c/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003e(6)\u003c/b\u003e in genus \u003ci\u003eVerbesina\u003c/i\u003e. The isolated compounds were tested \u003ci\u003ein vitro\u003c/i\u003e against \u003ci\u003ePlasmodium falciparum\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eTrypanosoma brucei\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eTrypanosoma cruzi\u003c/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eLeishmania infantum\u003c/i\u003e. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on MRC-5 cells. Compound \u003cb\u003e1\u003c/b\u003e showed moderate to weak activity against \u003ci\u003eL. infantum T. brucei\u003c/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eP. falciparum\u003c/i\u003e and was inactive against \u003ci\u003eT. cruzi.\u003c/i\u003e Compound \u003cb\u003e3\u003c/b\u003e showed moderate activity against \u003ci\u003eL. infantum\u003c/i\u003e, compound \u003cb\u003e4\u003c/b\u003e revealed weak activity against \u003ci\u003eT. cruzi\u003c/i\u003e, while \u003cb\u003e5\u003c/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003e6\u003c/b\u003e were inactive against all tested protozoa. All compounds were non-cytotoxic. The isolated constituents showed less antiprotozoal activity than the crude fraction.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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