{"data":{"id":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.2113529.v1","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.2113529.v1","prefix":"10.6084","suffix":"m9.figshare.c.2113529.v1","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"M. Vijayaraj","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"M. Vijayaraj","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"S. K. Hait","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"S. K. Hait","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"A. K. Harinarain","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"A. K. Harinarain","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"S. S. V. Ramakumar","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"S. S. V. Ramakumar","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Tribochemical Transformation of Nano iO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e to Ilmenite on the Surface of Wearing Steel Parts: Antiwear Action of Nano TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e as an Additive in Engine Oil"}],"publisher":"Figshare","container":{},"publicationYear":2015,"subjects":[{"subject":"Biological Sciences"},{"subject":"Sociology"},{"subject":"FOS: Sociology","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Ecology"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Chemistry"},{"subject":"Earth and Environmental Sciences"},{"subject":"Molecular Biology"},{"subject":"Medicine"},{"subject":"Engineering"},{"subject":"Biochemistry"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2015-12-05","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2015-12-05","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2015","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"GEN","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"article","schemaOrg":"Collection","resourceType":"Collection","resourceTypeGeneral":"Collection"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.1080/10402004.2015.1079670","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"},{"relationType":"IsPreviousVersionOf","relatedIdentifier":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.2113529","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":[],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"CC-BY","rightsUri":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e nanoparticles of average size about 20-30 nm were hydrothermally synthesized from TiCl\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e under mild acidic conditions. The nanoparticles were mixed with dispersant and base oil to give partially transparent concentrate having 1.5Wt% of Ti content. The concentrate was dispersed in hexane and base oil to characterize, respectively by electron microscopy (TEM) and DLS (Dynamic light scattering). The concentrate was diluted with base oil to have ppm level of Ti containing dispersion blends which were evaluated for wear and friction control performance. Nano TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e containing fully formulated oil blend has shown excellent load bearing capability in SRV test. Four ball test result shows WSD (wear scar diameter) considerably reduced to 0.30 mm for TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e added blend compared to neat base oil (0.60mm). The performance of TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e added blend was comparable to secondary ZDDP (zinc dialkyl dithiophospate) added blend under identical condition. Raman spectrum of the worn surface on the tested ball revealed the presence of ilmenite (FeTiO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e) and no deposits of pure TiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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