{"data":{"id":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.2031392.v1","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.2031392.v1","prefix":"10.6084","suffix":"m9.figshare.c.2031392.v1","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Wang, Xiao-Fang","givenName":"Xiao-Fang","familyName":"Wang","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Tian, Fei","givenName":"Fei","familyName":"Tian","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Cao, Rui-Ming","givenName":"Rui-Ming","familyName":"Cao","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Li, Jing","givenName":"Jing","familyName":"Li","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Wu, Sheng-Mei","givenName":"Sheng-Mei","familyName":"Wu","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Guo, Xiao-Kui","givenName":"Xiao-Kui","familyName":"Guo","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Chen, Tong-Xin","givenName":"Tong-Xin","familyName":"Chen","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of human β-defensins against lactic acid bacteria"}],"publisher":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","container":{},"publicationYear":2015,"subjects":[{"subject":"Hematology"},{"subject":"Cancer"},{"subject":"Biological Sciences"},{"subject":"Immunology"},{"subject":"FOS: Clinical medicine","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Chemistry"},{"subject":"Earth and Environmental Sciences"},{"subject":"Biotechnology"},{"subject":"Molecular Biology"},{"subject":"Microbiology"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Biochemistry"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2015-12-05","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2019-08-19","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2015","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"GEN","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"article","schemaOrg":"Collection","resourceType":"Collection","resourceTypeGeneral":"Collection"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsIdenticalTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.6084/m9.figshare.c.2031392","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":[],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc-by-4.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of human β-defensin-1 (hBD-1), human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2) and human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) against three internationally common probiotic strains of lactic acid bacterium. Our results indicated that hBD-1, hBD-2 and hBD-3 at the range of 0.08–10 μg/mL do not have obvious antimicrobial activity against these strains. Viability of \u003ci\u003eBifidobacterium longum\u003c/i\u003e JDM301 (\u003ci\u003eB. longum\u003c/i\u003e JDM301), \u003ci\u003eBifidobacterium lactis\u003c/i\u003e HN019 (\u003ci\u003eB. lactis\u003c/i\u003e HN019) and \u003ci\u003eLactobacillus rhamnosus\u003c/i\u003e GG (LGG) were still very high even at concentration of 10 μg hBD/mL. Then, we explored the mechanism of resistance by using carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) to inhibit efflux pumps. In the presence of CCCP, hBD-1, hBD-2 and hBD-3 exhibited enhanced antibacterial effect against \u003ci\u003eB. longum\u003c/i\u003e JDM301 and \u003ci\u003eB. lactis\u003c/i\u003e HN019, but not against LGG. Efflux pumps in \u003ci\u003eB. longum\u003c/i\u003e JDM301 and \u003ci\u003eB. lactis\u003c/i\u003e HN019 may partly contribute to their resistance to hBD-1, hBD-2, and hBD-3.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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