{"data":{"id":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1625574","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1625574","prefix":"10.6084","suffix":"m9.figshare.1625574","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Kinoshita, Nana","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Nana","familyName":"Kinoshita","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Kogiku Shiba","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Inaba, Kazuo","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Kazuo","familyName":"Inaba","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Fu, Gang","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Gang","familyName":"Fu","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Nagasato, Chikako","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Chikako","familyName":"Nagasato","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Motomura, Taizo","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Taizo","familyName":"Motomura","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Flagellar waveforms of gametes in the brown alga \u003ci\u003eEctocarpus siliculosus\u003c/i\u003e"}],"publisher":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","container":{},"publicationYear":2016,"subjects":[{"subject":"Biophysics"},{"subject":"29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Physical sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Physical sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Microbiology"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Genetics"},{"subject":"Molecular Biology"},{"subject":"Physiology"},{"subject":"Evolutionary Biology"},{"subject":"59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"Developmental Biology"},{"subject":"Inorganic Chemistry"},{"subject":"FOS: Chemical sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Chemical sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Statistics"},{"subject":"FOS: Mathematics","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Mathematics","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2015-12-17","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2016-03-31","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2016","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"DATA","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"dataset","schemaOrg":"Dataset","resourceType":"Dataset","resourceTypeGeneral":"Dataset"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.1080/09670262.2015.1109144","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["39420957 Bytes"],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc-by-4.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Brown algae are members of the Stramenopiles and their gametes generally have two heterogeneous flagella: a long anterior flagellum (AF) with mastigonemes and a short posterior flagellum (PF). In this study, swimming paths and flagellar waveforms in free-swimming and thigmotactic-swimming male and female gametes and in male gametes during chemotaxis, were quantitatively analysed in the model brown alga \u003ci\u003eEctocarpus siliculosus\u003c/i\u003e. This analysis was performed using a high-speed video camera. It was revealed that the AF plays a role in changing the locomotion of male and female gametes from free-swimming to thigmotactic-swimming and also in changing the swimming path of male gametes from linear to circular during chemotaxis. In the presence of a sex pheromone, male gametes changed their swimming path from linear (swimming path curvature, 0–0.02 µm\u003csup\u003e–1\u003c/sup\u003e) to middle and small circular path (swimming path curvature, 0.04–0.20 µm\u003csup\u003e–1\u003c/sup\u003e). The flagellar asymmetry and the deflection angle of the AF became larger, whereas the oscillation pattern of the AF was stable. However, there was no correlation between the flagellar asymmetry and the deflection angle of the AF and the path curvature when the male gametes showed middle to small circular paths. The PF irregularly changed the deflection angle and the oscillation pattern was unstable depending on the gradient of the sex pheromone concentration. AF waveforms were independent of PF locomotion during chemotaxis. This means that the AF has the ability to change the swimming path of male gametes – for example, from a highly linear path to a circular path – while changes in locomotion from a middle circle path to a small circle path is the result of beating of the PF.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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