{"data":{"id":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1568234","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1568234","prefix":"10.6084","suffix":"m9.figshare.1568234","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Kvist, Sebastian","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Sebastian","familyName":"Kvist","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Does a global DNA barcoding gap exist in Annelida?"}],"publisher":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","container":{},"publicationYear":2016,"subjects":[{"subject":"Biophysics"},{"subject":"Biochemistry"},{"subject":"Microbiology"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Genetics"},{"subject":"Molecular Biology"},{"subject":"59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Ecology"},{"subject":"69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"Inorganic Chemistry"},{"subject":"FOS: Chemical sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Chemical sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"110309 Infectious Diseases","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Health sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: Health sciences","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2015-10-08","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2016-03-16","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2016","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"DATA","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"dataset","schemaOrg":"Dataset","resourceType":"Dataset","resourceTypeGeneral":"Dataset"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.3109/19401736.2014.984166","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["226053 Bytes"],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc-by-4.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Accurate identification of unknown specimens by means of DNA barcoding is contingent on the presence of a DNA barcoding gap, among other factors, as its absence may result in dubious specimen identifications – false negatives or positives. Whereas the utility of DNA barcoding would be greatly reduced in the absence of a distinct and sufficiently sized barcoding gap, the limits of intraspecific and interspecific distances are seldom thoroughly inspected across comprehensive sampling. The present study aims to illuminate this aspect of barcoding in a comprehensive manner for the animal phylum Annelida. All cytochrome \u003ci\u003ec\u003c/i\u003e oxidase subunit I sequences (\u003ci\u003ecox1\u003c/i\u003e gene; the chosen region for zoological DNA barcoding) present in GenBank for Annelida, as well as for “Polychaeta”, “Oligochaeta”, and Hirudinea separately, were downloaded and curated for length, coverage and potential contaminations. The final datasets consisted of 9782 (Annelida), 5545 (“Polychaeta”), 3639 (“Oligochaeta”), and 598 (Hirudinea) \u003ci\u003ecox1\u003c/i\u003e sequences and these were either (i) used as is in an automated global barcoding gap detection analysis or (ii) further analyzed for genetic distances, separated into bins containing intraspecific and interspecific comparisons and plotted in a graph to visualize any potential global barcoding gap. Over 70 million pairwise genetic comparisons were made and results suggest that although there is a tendency towards separation, no distinct or sufficiently sized global barcoding gap exists in either of the datasets rendering future barcoding efforts at risk of erroneous specimen identifications (but local barcoding gaps may still exist allowing for the identification of specimens at lower taxonomic ranks). This seems to be especially true for earthworm taxa, which account for fully 35% of the total number of interspecific comparisons that show 0% divergence.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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