{"data":{"id":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1167538.v1","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1167538.v1","prefix":"10.6084","suffix":"m9.figshare.1167538.v1","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"C. Viano, David","givenName":"David","familyName":"C. Viano","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"S. Parenteau, Chantal","givenName":"Chantal","familyName":"S. Parenteau","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Update on the Effectiveness of High Retention Seats in Preventing Fatal Injury in Rear Impacts"}],"publisher":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","container":{},"publicationYear":2015,"subjects":[{"subject":"Science Policy"},{"subject":"Biological Sciences"},{"subject":"Immunology"},{"subject":"FOS: Clinical medicine","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Sociology"},{"subject":"FOS: Sociology","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Earth and Environmental Sciences"},{"subject":"Biotechnology"},{"subject":"Physiology"},{"subject":"FOS: Biological sciences","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Molecular Biology"},{"subject":"Biochemistry"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2015-01-30","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2026-02-17","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2015","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"DATA","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"dataset","schemaOrg":"Dataset","resourceType":"Dataset","resourceTypeGeneral":"Dataset"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsPreviousVersionOf","relatedIdentifier":"10.6084/m9.figshare.1167538","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"},{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.1080/15389588.2014.925109","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["0 Bytes"],"formats":[],"version":"1","rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc-by-4.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"ABSTRACT\u003cb\u003ePurpose:\u003c/b\u003e Starting in 1997, General Motors (GM) introduced high retention seats in new model vehicles to improve rear impact safety. The seat allowed the occupant to pocket into the seatback; and, it had increased strength and improved head restraint coverage. The initial 4 year safety trends were evaluated using 1991-2000 FARS. The reduction in odds of fatal injury was 30.4% (0.9%-51.1% 95% CI, p \u0026lt;0.05). This study updates the earlier one by adding 8 years of FARS data.\u003cb\u003eMethods:\u003c/b\u003e The 2001-2008 FARS was analyzed for rear impacts of 1992 to 2008 model year GM vehicles that transitioned to high retention seats. The number of fatal and non-fatal injuries to drivers and right-front passengers was determined in vehicles with baseline (earlier designs) and high retention seats. The odds ratio for fatal injury and the change in fatality risk were determined with ±95% CI (confidence intervals), z-statistic and significance level. The data was further subdivided by passenger car, light truck (truck, SUV and van) and driver-only crashes.\u003cb\u003eResults:\u003c/b\u003e Based on 9,570 drivers and right-front passengers in fatal rear impacts in 1991-2008 FARS data, the fatality risk was 16.6% (15.1%-18.3% 95% CI) in vehicles with high retention seats and 27.1% (26.1%-28.1% 95% CI) in vehicles with baseline seats. The reduction in odds for fatal injury was 46.3% (39.3%-52.4% 95% CI) with high retention seats and it was statistically significant with z = 9.982, p \u0026lt; 0.0001. The reduction in odds for fatal injury was similar for occupants in passenger cars at 45.4% (35.4%-53.8% 95% CI) and light trucks, SUVs and vans at 45.0% (28.8%-57.5% 95% CI) using 2001-2008 FARS; however, the fatality risk was higher in passenger cars at 23.1% (20.6%-25.7% 95% CI) than in light trucks, SUVs and vans at 8.7% (7.0%-10.7% 95% CI).\u003cb\u003eConclusions:\u003c/b\u003e Vehicles with high retention seats significantly reduced the odds for fatal injury by 46.3% (39.3%-52.4% 95% CI, p \u0026lt; 0.0001) in rear impacts compared to vehicles with earlier seat designs. The new generation of yielding seats has significantly improved occupant safety in rear impacts.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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