{"data":{"id":"10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h","prefix":"10.5061","suffix":"dryad.mw6m9069h","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Rotevatn, Anders","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Anders","familyName":"Rotevatn","affiliation":["University of Bergen","Haukeland University Hospital"],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Eagan, Tomas","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Tomas","familyName":"Eagan","affiliation":["Haukeland University Hospital","University of Bergen"],"nameIdentifiers":[{"schemeUri":"https://orcid.org","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8725-9960","nameIdentifierScheme":"ORCID"}]},{"name":"McCann, Adrian","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Adrian","familyName":"McCann","affiliation":["Bevital (Norway)"],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Laupsa-Borge, Johnny","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Johnny","familyName":"Laupsa-Borge","affiliation":["Bevital (Norway)"],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Tangedal, Solveig","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Solveig","familyName":"Tangedal","affiliation":["Haukeland University Hospital"],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Husebø, Gunnar","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Gunnar","familyName":"Husebø","affiliation":["Haukeland University Hospital"],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Nielsen, Rune","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Rune","familyName":"Nielsen","affiliation":["University of Bergen","Haukeland University Hospital"],"nameIdentifiers":[{"schemeUri":"https://orcid.org","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2799-0430","nameIdentifierScheme":"ORCID"}]}],"titles":[{"title":"Data and code from: Plasma short-chain fatty acids are associated with COPD and COPD phenotypes"}],"publisher":"Dryad","container":{},"publicationYear":2026,"subjects":[{"subject":"FOS: Basic medicine","schemeUri":"https://web-archive.oecd.org/2012-06-15/138575-38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"fos"},{"subject":"FOS: Basic medicine","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","schemeUri":"https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus","subjectScheme":"PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus"},{"subject":"Microbiome","schemeUri":"https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus","subjectScheme":"PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus"},{"subject":"Fatty acids","schemeUri":"https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus","subjectScheme":"PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2025-12-14T06:48:18Z","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2026-06-03T13:05:18Z","dateType":"Submitted"},{"date":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","dateType":"Issued"},{"date":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","dateType":"Available"}],"language":"en","types":{"ris":"DATA","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"dataset","schemaOrg":"Dataset","resourceType":"dataset","resourceTypeGeneral":"Dataset"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsCitedBy","relatedIdentifier":"10.1186/s12890-026-04348-2","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["91982 bytes"],"formats":[],"version":"3","rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc0-1.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced by gut microbiota\n and may influence COPD development by modulating the immune system. This\n study examined the relationship between circulating SCFA concentrations\n and COPD and COPD phenotypes. We report findings from a single-centre\n case-control study with 130 COPD patients and 103 controls. Eight SCFAs\n (α-methylbutyrate, valerate, propionate, isovalerate, isobutyrate,\n formate, butyrate, and acetate) were quantified in plasma using\n isotope-labelled gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Associations\n between SCFAs, COPD status, and COPD phenotypes (severely obstructive\n COPD, emphysema, eosinophilic COPD, frequent exacerbations, and symptom\n burden) were evaluated using multivariable regression analyses adjusted\n for age, sex, smoking, and body composition. Plasma formate concentrations\n were inversely associated with COPD status (adjusted OR 0.33; 95 % CI 0.15\n to 0.66; p = 0.004). Propionate and isobutyrate concentrations\n were inversely associated with severely obstructive COPD (adjusted ORs\n 0.46; 95 % CI 0.24 to 0.86; p = 0.018, and 0.33; 95 % CI\n 0.14 to 0.75; p = 0.012, respectively). Propionate concentrations\n were also inversely associated with frequent exacerbations of COPD\n (adjusted OR 0.23; 95 % CI 0.07 to 0.62; p =\n 0.007). Isovalerate was positively associated with symptom burden\n (CAT score) (estimate 1.76; 95 % CI 0.20 to 3.32; p = 0.027). No\n consistent associations were observed for emphysema or eosinophilic COPD.\n SCFA formate was inversely related to COPD. Several SCFAs were associated\n with specific COPD phenotypes. Future studies should investigate the\n underlying mechanisms linking SCFAs to COPD and include the\n often-overlooked formate, while acknowledging formate’s dual origin.","descriptionType":"Abstract"},{"description":"# Data and code from: Plasma short-chain fatty acids are associated with\n COPD and COPD phenotypes Dataset DOI:\n [10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h) ##\n Description of the data and file structure Describes the files stored at\n DRYAD for the paper “*Plasma concentrations of short-chain fatty acids are\n associated with COPD and COPD phenotypes*” by Rotevatn et al. This note is\n written by Anders Rotevatn, 18 November 2025. ### Files and variables ####\n File: nonimputed_data.csv **Description:**  This file contains the\n short-chain fatty acid concentrations in plasma (in µmol/L): #####\n Variables * ID_mock: ID number for DRYAD * Frm: Formate * Ace: Acetate *\n Pro: Propionate * But: Butyrate * iBut: Isobutyrate * Vlr: Valerate *\n iVlr: Isovalerate * aMB: alpha-Methylbutyrate #### File:\n metadata_share.csv **Description:**  This file contains the metadata with\n following variables: ##### Variables * ID_mock: ID number made for DRYAD\n to match with the SCFA concentrations * Diagnosis: COPD or Controls *\n AgeGroup: Age in groups of 10 years. We used age as a continuous variable\n in the original analysis, but the age variable is converted here in order\n to maintain anonymity for participants * Sex: 0/1 *\n smoking: never/former/current * bodycomp2_926: Body composition:\n normal/cachexia/obese (measured by bioelectrical impedance measurements) *\n fvc_pct: Spirometry - forced vital capacity (per cent predicted) *\n fev1_pct: Spirometry - Forced expiratory volume 1 second (per cent\n predicted) * fev1fvcratio: Ratio FEV1/ FVC * eosinophile_03: Blood\n eosinophils ≥ 0.3 10^9^ cells/L * emphysema: 0- / 10-; \u0026lt; / \u0026gt;= 10 %\n low attenuating areas, treshold \u0026lt; -950 Hounsfield units on CT thorax\n scan * GOLD_stage: COPD GOLD stage as defined by FEV1 (% predicted) ≥ 80 %\n (I) / 50-79 % (II) / 30-49 % (III)/ \u0026lt; 30 % (IV), grouped into GOLD\n stage 1-2 and 3-4 * copd_exacerbations: Number of COPD exacerbations\n during the previous 12 months; 0-1 / ≥ 2 * cat_score: COPD assessment test\n score #### File: script_share.R **Description:** R script for the analyses\n for the publication based on these data. ## Code/software R, version 4.5\n ## Human subjects data Data are fully anonymized, including creation of a\n new ID number only for this dataset. All participants gave informed\n consent for publication prior to study inclusion. Sex is given only as 0-1\n and age in 10 year cohorts.","descriptionType":"TechnicalInfo"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[{"schemeUri":"https://ror.org","awardTitle":"Grant to Prof. Eagan for the Bergen COPD Microbiome Study","funderName":"Western Norway Regional Health Authority","funderIdentifier":"https://ror.org/001212e83","funderIdentifierType":"ROR"}],"xml":"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<resource xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 http://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/metadata.xsd">
  <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.5061/DRYAD.MW6M9069H</identifier>
  <creators>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Rotevatn, Anders</creatorName>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03zga2b32" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">University of Bergen</affiliation>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03np4e098" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Haukeland University Hospital</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Eagan, Tomas</creatorName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0001-8725-9960</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03np4e098" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Haukeland University Hospital</affiliation>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03zga2b32" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">University of Bergen</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">McCann, Adrian</creatorName>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03whyax55" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Bevital (Norway)</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Laupsa-Borge, Johnny</creatorName>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03whyax55" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Bevital (Norway)</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Tangedal, Solveig</creatorName>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03np4e098" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Haukeland University Hospital</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Husebø, Gunnar</creatorName>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03np4e098" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Haukeland University Hospital</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Nielsen, Rune</creatorName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0003-2799-0430</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03zga2b32" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">University of Bergen</affiliation>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/03np4e098" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Haukeland University Hospital</affiliation>
    </creator>
  </creators>
  <titles>
    <title>
      Data and code from: Plasma short-chain fatty acids are associated with
      COPD and COPD phenotypes
    </title>
  </titles>
  <publisher publisherIdentifier="https://ror.org/00x6h5n95" publisherIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org/">Dryad</publisher>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Dataset">dataset</resourceType>
  <publicationYear>2026</publicationYear>
  <subjects>
    <subject subjectScheme="fos" schemeURI="https://web-archive.oecd.org/2012-06-15/138575-38235147.pdf">FOS: Basic medicine</subject>
    <subject subjectScheme="PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus" schemeURI="https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subject>
    <subject subjectScheme="PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus" schemeURI="https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus">Microbiome</subject>
    <subject subjectScheme="PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus" schemeURI="https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus">Fatty acids</subject>
  </subjects>
  <fundingReferences>
    <fundingReference>
      <funderName>Western Norway Regional Health Authority</funderName>
      <funderIdentifier funderIdentifierType="ROR">https://ror.org/001212e83</funderIdentifier>
      <awardTitle>Grant to Prof. Eagan for the Bergen COPD Microbiome Study</awardTitle>
    </fundingReference>
  </fundingReferences>
  <dates>
    <date dateType="Created">2025-12-14T06:48:18Z</date>
    <date dateType="Submitted">2026-06-03T13:05:18Z</date>
    <date dateType="Issued">2026-06-10T00:00:00Z</date>
    <date dateType="Available">2026-06-10T00:00:00Z</date>
  </dates>
  <language>en</language>
  <relatedIdentifiers>
    <relatedIdentifier relationType="IsCitedBy" relatedIdentifierType="DOI">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-026-04348-2</relatedIdentifier>
  </relatedIdentifiers>
  <sizes>
    <size>91982 bytes</size>
  </sizes>
  <version>3</version>
  <rightsList>
    <rights rightsURI="https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html">Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal</rights>
  </rightsList>
  <descriptions>
    <description descriptionType="Abstract">
      Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced by gut microbiota
      and may influence COPD development by modulating the immune system. This
      study examined the relationship between circulating SCFA concentrations
      and COPD and COPD phenotypes. We report findings from a single-centre
      case-control study with 130 COPD patients and 103 controls. Eight SCFAs
      (α-methylbutyrate, valerate, propionate, isovalerate, isobutyrate,
      formate, butyrate, and acetate) were quantified in plasma using
      isotope-labelled gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Associations
      between SCFAs, COPD status, and COPD phenotypes (severely obstructive
      COPD, emphysema, eosinophilic COPD, frequent exacerbations, and symptom
      burden) were evaluated using multivariable regression analyses adjusted
      for age, sex, smoking, and body composition. Plasma formate concentrations
      were inversely associated with COPD status (adjusted OR 0.33; 95 % CI 0.15
      to 0.66;&amp;nbsp;p = 0.004). Propionate and isobutyrate concentrations
      were inversely associated with severely obstructive COPD (adjusted ORs
      0.46; 95 % CI 0.24 to 0.86;&amp;nbsp;p&amp;nbsp;= 0.018, and 0.33; 95 % CI
      0.14 to 0.75;&amp;nbsp;p = 0.012, respectively). Propionate concentrations
      were also inversely associated with frequent exacerbations of COPD
      (adjusted OR 0.23; 95 % CI 0.07 to 0.62;&amp;nbsp;p =
      0.007).&amp;nbsp;Isovalerate was positively associated with symptom burden
      (CAT score) (estimate 1.76; 95 % CI 0.20 to 3.32;&amp;nbsp;p = 0.027). No
      consistent associations were observed for emphysema or eosinophilic COPD.
      SCFA formate was inversely related to COPD. Several SCFAs were associated
      with specific COPD phenotypes. Future studies should investigate the
      underlying mechanisms linking SCFAs to COPD and include the
      often-overlooked formate, while acknowledging formate’s dual origin.
    </description>
    <description descriptionType="TechnicalInfo">
      # Data and code from: Plasma short-chain fatty acids are associated with
      COPD and COPD phenotypes Dataset DOI:
      [10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h) ##
      Description of the data and file structure Describes the files stored at
      DRYAD for the paper “*Plasma concentrations of short-chain fatty acids are
      associated with COPD and COPD phenotypes*” by Rotevatn et al. This note is
      written by Anders Rotevatn, 18 November 2025. ### Files and variables ####
      File: nonimputed_data.csv **Description:**  This file contains the
      short-chain fatty acid concentrations in plasma (in µmol/L): #####
      Variables * ID_mock: ID number for DRYAD * Frm: Formate * Ace: Acetate *
      Pro: Propionate * But: Butyrate * iBut: Isobutyrate * Vlr: Valerate *
      iVlr: Isovalerate * aMB: alpha-Methylbutyrate #### File:
      metadata_share.csv **Description:**  This file contains the metadata with
      following variables: ##### Variables * ID_mock: ID number made for DRYAD
      to match with the SCFA concentrations * Diagnosis: COPD or Controls *
      AgeGroup: Age in groups of 10 years. We used age as a continuous variable
      in the original analysis, but the age variable is converted here in order
      to maintain anonymity for participants * Sex: 0/1 *
      smoking: never/former/current * bodycomp2_926: Body composition:
      normal/cachexia/obese (measured by bioelectrical impedance measurements) *
      fvc_pct: Spirometry - forced vital capacity (per cent predicted) *
      fev1_pct: Spirometry - Forced expiratory volume 1 second (per cent
      predicted) * fev1fvcratio: Ratio FEV1/ FVC * eosinophile_03: Blood
      eosinophils ≥ 0.3 10^9^ cells/L * emphysema: 0- / 10-; &lt; / &gt;= 10 %
      low attenuating areas, treshold &lt; -950 Hounsfield units on CT thorax
      scan * GOLD_stage: COPD GOLD stage as defined by FEV1 (% predicted) ≥ 80 %
      (I) / 50-79 % (II) / 30-49 % (III)/ &lt; 30 % (IV), grouped into GOLD
      stage 1-2 and 3-4 * copd_exacerbations: Number of COPD exacerbations
      during the previous 12 months; 0-1 / ≥ 2 * cat_score: COPD assessment test
      score #### File: script_share.R **Description:** R script for the analyses
      for the publication based on these data. ## Code/software R, version 4.5
      ## Human subjects data Data are fully anonymized, including creation of a
      new ID number only for this dataset. All participants gave informed
      consent for publication prior to study inclusion. Sex is given only as 0-1
      and age in 10 year cohorts.
    </description>
  </descriptions>
</resource>","url":"https://datadryad.org/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h","contentUrl":null,"metadataVersion":0,"schemaVersion":"http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4","source":"mds","isActive":true,"state":"findable","reason":null,"viewCount":17,"viewsOverTime":[{"yearMonth":"2026-09","total":17}],"downloadCount":6,"downloadsOverTime":[{"yearMonth":"2026-09","total":6}],"referenceCount":0,"citationCount":1,"citationsOverTime":[{"year":"2026","total":1}],"partCount":0,"partOfCount":0,"versionCount":0,"versionOfCount":0,"created":"2026-06-10T18:44:21.000Z","registered":"2026-06-10T18:44:22.000Z","published":"2026","updated":"2026-06-10T18:44:22.000Z"},"relationships":{"client":{"data":{"id":"dryad.dryad","type":"clients"}},"provider":{"data":{"id":"dryad","type":"providers"}},"media":{"data":{"id":"10.5061/dryad.mw6m9069h","type":"media"}},"references":{"data":[]},"citations":{"data":[{"id":"10.1186/s12890-026-04348-2","type":"dois"}]},"parts":{"data":[]},"partOf":{"data":[]},"versions":{"data":[]},"versionOf":{"data":[]}}}}