{"data":{"id":"10.5061/dryad.dz08kps05","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.5061/dryad.dz08kps05","prefix":"10.5061","suffix":"dryad.dz08kps05","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Diener, Martin","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Martin","familyName":"Diener","affiliation":["Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen"],"nameIdentifiers":[{"schemeUri":"https://orcid.org","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2194-4636","nameIdentifierScheme":"ORCID"}]}],"titles":[{"title":"Atropine-functionalised gold nanoparticles binding to muscarinic receptors after passage across the intestinal epithelium"}],"publisher":"Dryad","container":{},"publicationYear":2022,"subjects":[{"subject":"FOS: Nano-technology","schemeUri":"https://web-archive.oecd.org/2012-06-15/138575-38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"fos"},{"subject":"Nanoparticles","schemeUri":"https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus","subjectScheme":"PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus"},{"subject":"Atropine","schemeUri":"https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus","subjectScheme":"PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2022-03-02T14:53:05Z","dateType":"Submitted"},{"date":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","dateType":"Issued"},{"date":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","dateType":"Available"}],"language":"en","types":{"ris":"DATA","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"dataset","schemaOrg":"Dataset","resourceType":"dataset","resourceTypeGeneral":"Dataset"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSourceOf","relatedIdentifier":"10.5281/zenodo.6447958","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"},{"relationType":"IsCitedBy","relatedIdentifier":"10.1098/rsos.220244","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["5979421 bytes"],"formats":[],"version":"8","rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc0-1.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Gold nanoparticles have a high potential to be a treatment of diseases by\n their specific drug delivery properties and multivalent receptor\n stimulation. For the present project, spherical gold nanoparticles were\n synthesised and functionalised with the muscarinic receptor antagonist\n atropine (Au-MUDA-AT NPs). The diameter of the gold core could precisely\n be controlled by using different synthetic methods and reducing agents\n resulting in functionalised gold nanoparticles with diameters ranging from\n 8 to 16 nm. The ability to interact with intestinal muscarinic receptors\n is size-dependent. When using intestinal chloride secretion induced by the\n stable acetylcholine derivative, carbachol, as read-out, the strongest\n inhibition, i.e. the most efficient blockade of muscarinic receptors, was\n observed with 13 nm sized Au-MUDA-AT NPs. Functional experiments indicate\n that Au-MUDA-AT NPs with a diameter of 14 nm are able to pass the\n intestinal mucosa in a time-dependent manner after administration to the\n intestinal lumen. For example, luminally administered Au-MUDA-AT NPs\n inhibited contractions of the small intestinal longitudinal muscle layer\n induced by electrical stimulation of myenteric neurons. A similar\n inhibition of basolateral epithelial receptors was observed after luminal\n administration of Au-MUDA-AT NPs when using carbachol-induced chloride\n secretion across the intestinal epithelium as a test system. Thus,\n Au-MUDA-AT NPs might be a therapeutic tool for the modulation of\n intestinal secretion and motility after oral application in the future.","descriptionType":"Abstract"},{"description":"METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION about the original data sets\n (unprocessed csv files):\u003cbr\u003eThe CCh-induced change of isometric\n tension (in gram) after administration of Au-MUDA-AT NPs (5 pmol/l at the\n serosal side of rat jejunum, 14 nm diameter) was recorded in organ bath\n experiments. In the corresponding control experiments, equivalent volumes\n of buffer were applied instead of Au-MUDA-AT NPs. \u003cbr\u003eThe organ bath\n chamber (volume 10 ml) was filled with carbogen-gassed buffer solution and\n warmed up to 37 °C. At the beginning of each experiment, the pre-tension\n was set to 2 g. After the manual reduction of the pre-tension to 1 g, NPs\n or buffer were applied and incubated for at least 20 minutes, before\n carbachol (500 nmol/l) was administered to the serosal side of rat\n jejunum. At the end of each, the chamber solution was washed with buffer\n solution three times and potassium chloride (15 mmol/l at the serosal\n side) served as viability control. DATA-SPECIFIC\n INFORMATION FOR: Data_not_shown_Au-MUDA-AT_NPs.csv\u003cbr\u003e1. Number of\n records (columns): 8\u003cbr\u003e2. Important information:\u003cbr\u003eThe first\n column named \"Marker\" gives information about specific events\n (e.g. drug administration) during the experiment.\u003cbr\u003eMarkers in the\n file:\u003cbr\u003e    0: No event\u003cbr\u003e    1: Manual reduction of\n pre-tension to 1 g\u003cbr\u003e    2: Serosal application of equivalent\n volumes of buffer instead of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs\u003cbr\u003e    3: Serosal\n application of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs (5 pmol/l, 14 nm diameter)\u003cbr\u003e  \n  4: Serosal application of carbachol (500 nmol/l)\u003cbr\u003e    5.\n Replacement of the whole chamber volume by buffer solution\n (washing)\u003cbr\u003e    6: Serosal application of KCl (15 mmol/l) serving\n as viability control\u003cbr\u003eThe second column \"Time\" shows the\n time scale in 1 second steps. Time jumps occur due to synchronisation of\n the marker for all experiments.\u003cbr\u003eEach following column is a single\n record of one incubated jejunal segment. The name of each record consists\n of the abbreviation of the name of the experimenter, the date on which the\n experiment was perfomed and in which organ bath chamber the tissue was\n incubated. \u003cbr\u003e    For example: RMai19_03: R = Rebecca Classen\n performed this experiment, Mai19 = Experiment was performed on 19th March\n 2020, _03 = This jejunal segment was incubated in organ bath chamber\n number 3. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:\n Data_not_shown_No_Drug.csv\u003cbr\u003e1. Number of records (columns):\n 8\u003cbr\u003e2. Important information:\u003cbr\u003eThe first column named\n \"Marker\" gives information about specific events (e.g. drug\n administration) during the experiment.\u003cbr\u003eMarkers in the\n file:\u003cbr\u003e    0: No event\u003cbr\u003e    1: Manual reduction of\n pre-tension to 1 g\u003cbr\u003e    2: Serosal application of equivalent\n volumes of buffer instead of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs\u003cbr\u003e    3: Serosal\n application of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs (5 pmol/l, 14 nm diameter)\u003cbr\u003e  \n  4: Serosal application of carbachol (500 nmol/l)\u003cbr\u003e    5.\n Replacement of the whole chamber volume by buffer solution\n (washing)\u003cbr\u003e    6: Serosal application of KCl (15 mmol/l) serving\n as viability control\u003cbr\u003eThe second column \"Time\" shows the\n time scale in 1 second steps. Time jumps occur due to synchronisation of\n the marker for all experiments.\u003cbr\u003eEach following column is a single\n record of one incubated jejunal segment. The name of each record consists\n of the abbreviation of the name of the experimenter, the date on which the\n experiment was perfomed and in which organ bath chamber the tissue was\n incubated. \u003cbr\u003e    For example: RMai19_04: R = Rebecca Classen\n performed this experiment, Mai19 = Experiment was performed on 19th March\n 2020, _04 = This jejunal segment was incubated in organ bath chamber\n number 4.   DATA-SPECIFIC\n INFORMATION FOR:\n Supporting_Information_Synthesis_and_analysis_of_the_nanoparticles.docx\u003cbr\u003e1. Number of figures: 10\u003cbr\u003eTEM images: Suppl. Figure 1 (Au-Citrate NPs), Suppl. Figure 4 (Au-MUDA NPs), Suppl. Figure 7 (Au-MUDA-AT NPs)\u003cbr\u003eTEM images were taken on a Zeiss LEO 912. (300 kV, LaB6 cathode) equipped with a GATAN digital camera.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUV/Vis spectra: Suppl. Figure 2 (Au-Citrate NPs), Suppl. Figure 5 (Au-MUDA NPs), Suppl. Figure 8 (Au-MUDA-AT NPs)\u003cbr\u003eUV/Vis spectra were recorded with an UV-1600PC spectrophotometer from VWR. Elemental analyses for C, H, N and S were acquired by Mr. Dirk Pullem on a Eurolab EA Elemental Analyzer at the University of Cologne.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNMR spectra: Suppl. Figure 3 (Au-Citrate NPs), Suppl. Figure 6 (Au-MUDA NPs), Suppl. Figure 9 (Au-MUDA-AT NPs)\u003cbr\u003e1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance 400 MHz (AV 400), Bruker Avance II 300 MHz (AV 300) and Bruker Avance II+ 600 MHz (AV II 600) spectrometers at the Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Cologne. 1H-NMR data are reported as follows: chemical shifts (multiplicity [ppm], classification). Multiplicity is recorded as s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet. All spectra were displayed with the software MestReNova.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIR spectra: Suppl. Figure 10 (MUDA-AT, Au-MUDA-AT NPs)\u003cbr\u003eIR measurements were performed on a Perkin Elmer FTIR-ATR (UATR TWO) at rt with a maximum resolution of 1 cm-1. Absorption bands are given in cm-1.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","descriptionType":"Methods"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[{"funderName":"None*"}],"xml":"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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  <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.5061/DRYAD.DZ08KPS05</identifier>
  <creators>
    <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Diener, Martin</creatorName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0003-2194-4636</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation affiliationIdentifier="https://ror.org/033eqas34" affiliationIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org">Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen</affiliation>
    </creator>
  </creators>
  <titles>
    <title>
      Atropine-functionalised gold nanoparticles binding to muscarinic receptors
      after passage across the intestinal epithelium
    </title>
  </titles>
  <publisher publisherIdentifier="https://ror.org/00x6h5n95" publisherIdentifierScheme="ROR" schemeURI="https://ror.org/">Dryad</publisher>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Dataset">dataset</resourceType>
  <publicationYear>2022</publicationYear>
  <subjects>
    <subject subjectScheme="fos" schemeURI="https://web-archive.oecd.org/2012-06-15/138575-38235147.pdf">FOS: Nano-technology</subject>
    <subject subjectScheme="PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus" schemeURI="https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus">Nanoparticles</subject>
    <subject subjectScheme="PLOS Subject Area Thesaurus" schemeURI="https://github.com/PLOS/plos-thesaurus">Atropine</subject>
  </subjects>
  <fundingReferences>
    <fundingReference>
      <funderName>None*</funderName>
    </fundingReference>
  </fundingReferences>
  <dates>
    <date dateType="Submitted">2022-03-02T14:53:05Z</date>
    <date dateType="Issued">2022-04-22T00:00:00Z</date>
    <date dateType="Available">2022-04-22T00:00:00Z</date>
  </dates>
  <language>en</language>
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  <descriptions>
    <description descriptionType="Abstract">
      Gold nanoparticles have a high potential to be a treatment of diseases by
      their specific drug delivery properties and multivalent receptor
      stimulation. For the present project, spherical gold nanoparticles were
      synthesised and functionalised with the muscarinic receptor antagonist
      atropine (Au-MUDA-AT NPs). The diameter of the gold core could precisely
      be controlled by using different synthetic methods and reducing agents
      resulting in functionalised gold nanoparticles with diameters ranging from
      8 to 16 nm. The ability to interact with intestinal muscarinic receptors
      is size-dependent. When using intestinal chloride secretion induced by the
      stable acetylcholine derivative, carbachol, as read-out, the strongest
      inhibition, i.e. the most efficient blockade of muscarinic receptors, was
      observed with 13 nm sized Au-MUDA-AT NPs. Functional experiments indicate
      that Au-MUDA-AT NPs with a diameter of 14 nm are able to pass the
      intestinal mucosa in a time-dependent manner after administration to the
      intestinal lumen. For example, luminally administered Au-MUDA-AT NPs
      inhibited contractions of the small intestinal longitudinal muscle layer
      induced by electrical stimulation of myenteric neurons. A similar
      inhibition of basolateral epithelial receptors was observed after luminal
      administration of Au-MUDA-AT NPs when using carbachol-induced chloride
      secretion across the intestinal epithelium as a test system. Thus,
      Au-MUDA-AT NPs might be a therapeutic tool for the modulation of
      intestinal secretion and motility after oral application in the future.
    </description>
    <description descriptionType="Methods">
      &lt;p&gt;METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION about the original data sets
      (unprocessed csv files):&lt;br&gt;The CCh-induced change of isometric
      tension (in gram) after administration of Au-MUDA-AT NPs (5 pmol/l at the
      serosal side of rat jejunum, 14 nm diameter) was recorded in organ bath
      experiments. In the corresponding control experiments, equivalent volumes
      of buffer were applied instead of Au-MUDA-AT NPs. &lt;br&gt;The organ bath
      chamber (volume 10 ml) was filled with carbogen-gassed buffer solution and
      warmed up to 37 °C. At the beginning of each experiment, the pre-tension
      was set to 2 g. After the manual reduction of the pre-tension to 1 g, NPs
      or buffer were applied and incubated for at least 20 minutes, before
      carbachol (500 nmol/l) was administered to the serosal side of rat
      jejunum. At the end of each, the chamber solution was washed with buffer
      solution three times and potassium chloride (15 mmol/l at the serosal
      side) served as viability control.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;DATA-SPECIFIC
      INFORMATION FOR: Data_not_shown_Au-MUDA-AT_NPs.csv&lt;br&gt;1. Number of
      records (columns): 8&lt;br&gt;2. Important information:&lt;br&gt;The first
      column named "Marker" gives information about specific events
      (e.g. drug administration) during the experiment.&lt;br&gt;Markers in the
      file:&lt;br&gt;    0: No event&lt;br&gt;    1: Manual reduction of
      pre-tension to 1 g&lt;br&gt;    2: Serosal application of equivalent
      volumes of buffer instead of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs&lt;br&gt;    3: Serosal
      application of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs (5 pmol/l, 14 nm diameter)&lt;br&gt;  
       4: Serosal application of carbachol (500 nmol/l)&lt;br&gt;    5.
      Replacement of the whole chamber volume by buffer solution
      (washing)&lt;br&gt;    6: Serosal application of KCl (15 mmol/l) serving
      as viability control&lt;br&gt;The second column "Time" shows the
      time scale in 1 second steps. Time jumps occur due to synchronisation of
      the marker for all experiments.&lt;br&gt;Each following column is a single
      record of one incubated jejunal segment. The name of each record consists
      of the abbreviation of the name of the experimenter, the date on which the
      experiment was perfomed and in which organ bath chamber the tissue was
      incubated. &lt;br&gt;    For example: RMai19_03: R = Rebecca Classen
      performed this experiment, Mai19 = Experiment was performed on 19th March
      2020, _03 = This jejunal segment was incubated in organ bath chamber
      number 3. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:
      Data_not_shown_No_Drug.csv&lt;br&gt;1. Number of records (columns):
      8&lt;br&gt;2. Important information:&lt;br&gt;The first column named
      "Marker" gives information about specific events (e.g. drug
      administration) during the experiment.&lt;br&gt;Markers in the
      file:&lt;br&gt;    0: No event&lt;br&gt;    1: Manual reduction of
      pre-tension to 1 g&lt;br&gt;    2: Serosal application of equivalent
      volumes of buffer instead of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs&lt;br&gt;    3: Serosal
      application of Au-MUDA-Atropine NPs (5 pmol/l, 14 nm diameter)&lt;br&gt;  
       4: Serosal application of carbachol (500 nmol/l)&lt;br&gt;    5.
      Replacement of the whole chamber volume by buffer solution
      (washing)&lt;br&gt;    6: Serosal application of KCl (15 mmol/l) serving
      as viability control&lt;br&gt;The second column "Time" shows the
      time scale in 1 second steps. Time jumps occur due to synchronisation of
      the marker for all experiments.&lt;br&gt;Each following column is a single
      record of one incubated jejunal segment. The name of each record consists
      of the abbreviation of the name of the experimenter, the date on which the
      experiment was perfomed and in which organ bath chamber the tissue was
      incubated. &lt;br&gt;    For example: RMai19_04: R = Rebecca Classen
      performed this experiment, Mai19 = Experiment was performed on 19th March
      2020, _04 = This jejunal segment was incubated in organ bath chamber
      number 4.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;DATA-SPECIFIC
      INFORMATION FOR:
      Supporting_Information_Synthesis_and_analysis_of_the_nanoparticles.docx&lt;br&gt;1. Number of figures: 10&lt;br&gt;TEM images: Suppl. Figure 1 (Au-Citrate NPs), Suppl. Figure 4 (Au-MUDA NPs), Suppl. Figure 7 (Au-MUDA-AT NPs)&lt;br&gt;TEM images were taken on a Zeiss LEO 912. (300 kV, LaB6 cathode) equipped with a GATAN digital camera.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;UV/Vis spectra: Suppl. Figure 2 (Au-Citrate NPs), Suppl. Figure 5 (Au-MUDA NPs), Suppl. Figure 8 (Au-MUDA-AT NPs)&lt;br&gt;UV/Vis spectra were recorded with an UV-1600PC spectrophotometer from VWR. Elemental analyses for C, H, N and S were acquired by Mr. Dirk Pullem on a Eurolab EA Elemental Analyzer at the University of Cologne.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;NMR spectra: Suppl. Figure 3 (Au-Citrate NPs), Suppl. Figure 6 (Au-MUDA NPs), Suppl. Figure 9 (Au-MUDA-AT NPs)&lt;br&gt;1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance 400 MHz (AV 400), Bruker Avance II 300 MHz (AV 300) and Bruker Avance II+ 600 MHz (AV II 600) spectrometers at the Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Cologne. 1H-NMR data are reported as follows: chemical shifts (multiplicity [ppm], classification). Multiplicity is recorded as s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet. All spectra were displayed with the software MestReNova.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;IR spectra: Suppl. Figure 10 (MUDA-AT, Au-MUDA-AT NPs)&lt;br&gt;IR measurements were performed on a Perkin Elmer FTIR-ATR (UATR TWO) at rt with a maximum resolution of 1 cm-1. Absorption bands are given in cm-1.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
    </description>
  </descriptions>
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