{"data":{"id":"10.25384/sage.c.4161971.v1","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.25384/sage.c.4161971.v1","prefix":"10.25384","suffix":"sage.c.4161971.v1","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Y. Gou","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"J. Li","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"O. Jackson-Weaver","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"J. Wu","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"T. Zhang","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"R. Gupta","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"I. Cho","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"T.V. Ho","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Y. Chen","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"M. Li","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"S. Richard","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"J. Wang","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Y. Chai","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"J. Xu","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Protein Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT1 Is Essential for Palatogenesis"}],"publisher":"Figshare","container":{},"publicationYear":2018,"subjects":[{"subject":"110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Clinical medicine","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Materials engineering","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2018-07-11","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2018-07-11","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2018","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"GEN","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"article","schemaOrg":"Collection","resourceType":"Collection","resourceTypeGeneral":"Collection"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.1177/0022034518785164","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"},{"relationType":"IsIdenticalTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.25384/sage.c.4161971","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":[],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"CC BY 4.0","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Cleft palate is among the most common birth defects. Currently, only 30% of cases have identified genetic causes, whereas the etiology of the majority remains to be discovered. We identified a new regulator of palate development, protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), and demonstrated that disruption of PRMT1 function in neural crest cells caused complete cleft palate and craniofacial malformations. PRMT1 is the most highly expressed of the protein arginine methyltransferases, enzymes responsible for methylation of arginine motifs on histone and nonhistone proteins. PRMT1 regulates signal transduction and transcriptional activity that affect multiple signal pathways crucial in craniofacial development, such as the BMP, TGFβ, and WNT pathways. We demonstrated that \u003ci\u003eWnt1-Cre;Prmt1\u003c/i\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003ci\u003efl/fl\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e mice displayed a decrease in palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation and failure of palatal shelves to reach the midline. Further analysis in signal pathways revealed that loss of \u003ci\u003ePrmt1\u003c/i\u003e in mutant mice decreased BMP signaling activation and reduced the deposition of H4R3me2a mark. Collectively, our study demonstrates that \u003ci\u003ePrmt1\u003c/i\u003e is crucial in palate development. Our study may facilitate the development of a better strategy to interrupt the formation of cleft palate through manipulation of PRMT1 activity.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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