{"data":{"id":"10.25384/sage.c.4140560.v1","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.25384/sage.c.4140560.v1","prefix":"10.25384","suffix":"sage.c.4140560.v1","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Yasaman Rafat","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Stevenson, Ryan A","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Ryan A","familyName":"Stevenson","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Auditory-orthographic integration at the onset of L2 speech acquisition"}],"publisher":"Figshare","container":{},"publicationYear":2018,"subjects":[{"subject":"200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Media and communications","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Education"},{"subject":"200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: Languages and literature","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"Sociology"},{"subject":"FOS: Sociology","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2018-06-21","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2018-06-21","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2018","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"GEN","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"article","schemaOrg":"Collection","resourceType":"Collection","resourceTypeGeneral":"Collection"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.1177/0023830918777537","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"},{"relationType":"IsIdenticalTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.25384/sage.c.4140560","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":[],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"CC BY 4.0","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Recent studies have provided evidence for both a positive and a negative effect of orthography on second language speech learning. However, not much is known about whether orthography can trigger a McGurk-like effect (McGurk \u0026amp; MacDonald, 1976) in second language speech learning. This study examined whether exposure to auditory and orthographic input may lead to a McGurk-like effect in naïve English-speaking participants learning a second language with Spanish phonology and orthography. Specifically, it reports on (a) production of non-target-like combinations such as [lj] as in [po\u003cb\u003elj\u003c/b\u003eo] for llo\u0026gt;-[po\u003cb\u003ej\u003c/b\u003eo], where the auditory Spanish [j] and the first language English [l] that correspond to the shared digraph  are integrated, and (b) fusion quantified in terms of [z] devoicing such as [\u003cb\u003ez\u003c/b\u003e̥apito] for \u0026lt;\u003cb\u003ez\u003c/b\u003eapito\u0026gt;-[\u003cb\u003ez\u003c/b\u003eapito]. Moreover, the effects of (a) type of grapheme-to-sound correspondence, (b) position in the word, and (c) condition of training and testing were examined. Participants were assigned to four groups: (a) auditory only, (b) orthography at training and production, (c) orthography at training, and (d) orthography at production. The positions included word-initial and word-medial. The grapheme-to-sound correspondences consisted of -[b], -[δ], -[s] and -[j]. Results were indicative of a McGurk-like effect only for the Spanish digraph . The highest rate of combination productions was attested in the orthography-training condition in the word-medial position.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIj8+CjxyZXNvdXJjZSB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL2RhdGFjaXRlLm9yZy9zY2hlbWEva2VybmVsLTMiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2hlbWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiIHhzaTpzY2hlbWFMb2NhdGlvbj0iaHR0cDovL2RhdGFjaXRlLm9yZy9zY2hlbWEva2VybmVsLTMgaHR0cDovL3NjaGVtYS5kYXRhY2l0ZS5vcmcvbWV0YS9rZXJuZWwtMy9tZXRhZGF0YS54c2QiPgogIDxpZGVudGlmaWVyIGlkZW50aWZpZXJUeXBlPSJET0kiPjEwLjI1Mzg0L1NBR0UuYy40MTQwNTYwLnYxPC9pZGVudGlmaWVyPgogIDxjcmVhdG9ycz4KICAgIDxjcmVhdG9yPgogICAgICA8Y3JlYXRvck5hbWU+WWFzYW1hbiBSYWZhdDwvY3JlYXRvck5hbWU+CiAgICA8L2NyZWF0b3I+CiAgICA8Y3JlYXRvcj4KICAgICAgPGNyZWF0b3JOYW1lPlJ5YW4gQSBTdGV2ZW5zb248L2NyZWF0b3JOYW1lPgogICAgPC9jcmVhdG9yPgogIDwvY3JlYXRvcnM+CiAgPHRpdGxlcz4KICAgIDx0aXRsZT5BdWRpdG9yeS1vcnRob2dyYXBoaWMgaW50ZWdyYXRpb24gYXQgdGhlIG9uc2V0IG9mIEwyIHNwZWVjaCBhY3F1aXNpdGlvbjwvdGl0bGU+CiAgPC90aXRsZXM+CiAgPGRlc2NyaXB0aW9ucz4KICAgIDxkZXNjcmlwdGlvbiBkZXNjcmlwdGlvblR5cGU9IkFic3RyYWN0Ij4mbHQ7ZGl2Jmd0OyZsdDtwJmd0O1JlY2VudCBzdHVkaWVzIGhhdmUgcHJvdmlkZWQgZXZpZGVuY2UgZm9yIGJvdGggYSBwb3NpdGl2ZSBhbmQgYSBuZWdhdGl2ZSBlZmZlY3Qgb2Ygb3J0aG9ncmFwaHkgb24gc2Vjb25kIGxhbmd1YWdlIHNwZWVjaCBsZWFybmluZy4gSG93ZXZlciwgbm90IG11Y2ggaXMga25vd24gYWJvdXQgd2hldGhlciBvcnRob2dyYXBoeSBjYW4gdHJpZ2dlciBhIE1jR3Vyay1saWtlIGVmZmVjdCAoTWNHdXJrICZhbXA7IE1hY0RvbmFsZCwgMTk3NikgaW4gc2Vjb25kIGxhbmd1YWdlIHNwZWVjaCBsZWFybmluZy4gVGhpcyBzdHVkeSBleGFtaW5lZCB3aGV0aGVyIGV4cG9zdXJlIHRvIGF1ZGl0b3J5IGFuZCBvcnRob2dyYXBoaWMgaW5wdXQgbWF5IGxlYWQgdG8gYSBNY0d1cmstbGlrZSBlZmZlY3QgaW4gbmEmI3hFRjt2ZSBFbmdsaXNoLXNwZWFraW5nIHBhcnRpY2lwYW50cyBsZWFybmluZyBhIHNlY29uZCBsYW5ndWFnZSB3aXRoIFNwYW5pc2ggcGhvbm9sb2d5IGFuZCBvcnRob2dyYXBoeS4gU3BlY2lmaWNhbGx5LCBpdCByZXBvcnRzIG9uIChhKSBwcm9kdWN0aW9uIG9mIG5vbi10YXJnZXQtbGlrZSBjb21iaW5hdGlvbnMgc3VjaCBhcyBbbGpdIGFzIGluIFtwbyZsdDtiJmd0OyZsdDt1Jmd0O2xqJmx0Oy91Jmd0OyZsdDsvYiZndDtvXSBmb3IgJmx0O3UmZ3Q7bGwmbHQ7L3UmZ3Q7byZndDstW3BvJmx0O2ImZ3Q7Jmx0O3UmZ3Q7aiZsdDsvdSZndDsmbHQ7L2ImZ3Q7b10sIHdoZXJlIHRoZSBhdWRpdG9yeSBTcGFuaXNoIFtqXSBhbmQgdGhlIGZpcnN0IGxhbmd1YWdlIEVuZ2xpc2ggW2xdIHRoYXQgY29ycmVzcG9uZCB0byB0aGUgc2hhcmVkIGRpZ3JhcGggIGFyZSBpbnRlZ3JhdGVkLCBhbmQgKGIpIGZ1c2lvbiBxdWFudGlmaWVkIGluIHRlcm1zIG9mIFt6XSBkZXZvaWNpbmcgc3VjaCBhcyBbJmx0O2ImZ3Q7Jmx0O3UmZ3Q7eiZsdDsvdSZndDsmbHQ7L2ImZ3Q7JiN4MzI1O2FwaXRvXSBmb3IgJmx0OyZsdDtiJmd0OyZsdDt1Jmd0O3ombHQ7L3UmZ3Q7Jmx0Oy9iJmd0O2FwaXRvJmd0Oy1bJmx0O3UmZ3Q7Jmx0O2ImZ3Q7eiZsdDsvYiZndDsmbHQ7L3UmZ3Q7YXBpdG9dLiBNb3Jlb3ZlciwgdGhlIGVmZmVjdHMgb2YgKGEpIHR5cGUgb2YgZ3JhcGhlbWUtdG8tc291bmQgY29ycmVzcG9uZGVuY2UsIChiKSBwb3NpdGlvbiBpbiB0aGUgd29yZCwgYW5kIChjKSBjb25kaXRpb24gb2YgdHJhaW5pbmcgYW5kIHRlc3Rpbmcgd2VyZSBleGFtaW5lZC4gUGFydGljaXBhbnRzIHdlcmUgYXNzaWduZWQgdG8gZm91ciBncm91cHM6IChhKSBhdWRpdG9yeSBvbmx5LCAoYikgb3J0aG9ncmFwaHkgYXQgdHJhaW5pbmcgYW5kIHByb2R1Y3Rpb24sIChjKSBvcnRob2dyYXBoeSBhdCB0cmFpbmluZywgYW5kIChkKSBvcnRob2dyYXBoeSBhdCBwcm9kdWN0aW9uLiBUaGUgcG9zaXRpb25zIGluY2x1ZGVkIHdvcmQtaW5pdGlhbCBhbmQgd29yZC1tZWRpYWwuIFRoZSBncmFwaGVtZS10by1zb3VuZCBjb3JyZXNwb25kZW5jZXMgY29uc2lzdGVkIG9mIC1bYl0sIC1bJiN4M0I0O10sIC1bc10gYW5kIC1bal0uIFJlc3VsdHMgd2VyZSBpbmRpY2F0aXZlIG9mIGEgTWNHdXJrLWxpa2UgZWZmZWN0IG9ubHkgZm9yIHRoZSBTcGFuaXNoIGRpZ3JhcGggLiBUaGUgaGlnaGVzdCByYXRlIG9mIGNvbWJpbmF0aW9uIHByb2R1Y3Rpb25zIHdhcyBhdHRlc3RlZCBpbiB0aGUgb3J0aG9ncmFwaHktdHJhaW5pbmcgY29uZGl0aW9uIGluIHRoZSB3b3JkLW1lZGlhbCBwb3NpdGlvbi4mbHQ7L3AmZ3Q7Jmx0Oy9kaXYmZ3Q7PC9kZXNjcmlwdGlvbj4KICA8L2Rlc2NyaXB0aW9ucz4KICA8c3ViamVjdHM+CiAgICA8c3ViamVjdCBzY2hlbWVVUkk9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cuYWJzLmdvdi5hdS9hdXNzdGF0cy9hYnNALm5zZi8wLzZCQjQyN0FCOTY5NkMyMjVDQTI1NzQxODAwMDQ0NjNFIiBzdWJqZWN0U2NoZW1lPSJGT1IiPjIwMDE5OSBDb21tdW5pY2F0aW9uIGFuZCBNZWRpYSBTdHVkaWVzIG5vdCBlbHNld2hlcmUgY2xhc3NpZmllZDwvc3ViamVjdD4KICAgIDxzdWJqZWN0PkVkdWNhdGlvbjwvc3ViamVjdD4KICAgIDxzdWJqZWN0IHNjaGVtZVVSST0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5hYnMuZ292LmF1L2F1c3N0YXRzL2Fic0AubnNmLzAvNkJCNDI3QUI5Njk2QzIyNUNBMjU3NDE4MDAwNDQ2M0UiIHN1YmplY3RTY2hlbWU9IkZPUiI+MjAwMzk5IExhbmd1YWdlIFN0dWRpZXMgbm90IGVsc2V3aGVyZSBjbGFzc2lmaWVkPC9zdWJqZWN0PgogICAgPHN1YmplY3Q+U29jaW9sb2d5PC9zdWJqZWN0PgogIDwvc3ViamVjdHM+CiAgPHB1Ymxpc2hlcj5GaWdzaGFyZTwvcHVibGlzaGVyPgogIDxwdWJsaWNhdGlvblllYXI+MjAxODwvcHVibGljYXRpb25ZZWFyPgogIDxkYXRlcz4KICAgIDxkYXRlIGRhdGVUeXBlPSJDcmVhdGVkIj4yMDE4LTA2LTIxPC9kYXRlPgogICAgPGRhdGUgZGF0ZVR5cGU9IlVwZGF0ZWQiPjIwMTgtMDYtMjE8L2RhdGU+CiAgPC9kYXRlcz4KICA8cmVzb3VyY2VUeXBlIHJlc291cmNlVHlwZUdlbmVyYWw9IkNvbGxlY3Rpb24iPkNvbGxlY3Rpb248L3Jlc291cmNlVHlwZT4KICA8cmVsYXRlZElkZW50aWZpZXJzPgogICAgPHJlbGF0ZWRJZGVudGlmaWVyIHJlbGF0ZWRJZGVudGlmaWVyVHlwZT0iRE9JIiByZWxhdGlvblR5cGU9IklzU3VwcGxlbWVudFRvIj4xMC4xMTc3LzAwMjM4MzA5MTg3Nzc1Mzc8L3JlbGF0ZWRJZGVudGlmaWVyPgogICAgPHJlbGF0ZWRJZGVudGlmaWVyIHJlbGF0ZWRJZGVudGlmaWVyVHlwZT0iRE9JIiByZWxhdGlvblR5cGU9IklzSWRlbnRpY2FsVG8iPjEwLjI1Mzg0L1NBR0UuYy40MTQwNTYwPC9yZWxhdGVkSWRlbnRpZmllcj4KICA8L3JlbGF0ZWRJZGVudGlmaWVycz4KICA8cmlnaHRzTGlzdD4KICAgIDxyaWdodHMgcmlnaHRzVVJJPSJodHRwczovL2NyZWF0aXZlY29tbW9ucy5vcmcvbGljZW5zZXMvYnkvNC4wLyI+Q0MgQlkgNC4wPC9yaWdodHM+CiAgPC9yaWdodHNMaXN0Pgo8L3Jlc291cmNlPgo=","url":"https://figshare.com/collections/Auditory-orthographic_integr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