{"data":{"id":"10.25377/sussex.7271198.v1","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.25377/sussex.7271198.v1","prefix":"10.25377","suffix":"sussex.7271198.v1","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Howat-Maxted, Freja","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Freja","familyName":"Howat-Maxted","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Sansour, Leila","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Leila","familyName":"Sansour","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Brown, Bea","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Bea","familyName":"Brown","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Norris, Jacob","nameType":"Personal","givenName":"Jacob","familyName":"Norris","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Muhammad Darwish, born in 1934 from al-Khader; and Mahmoud Saleh, born in 1919 from al-Khader; discussing the Ottoman period and World War I"}],"publisher":"University of Sussex","container":{},"publicationYear":2019,"subjects":[{"subject":"210310 Middle Eastern and African History","subjectScheme":"FOR"},{"subject":"FOS: History and archaeology","schemeUri":"http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"},{"subject":"FOS: History and archaeology","subjectScheme":"Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"2019-08-21","dateType":"Created"},{"date":"2019-08-21","dateType":"Updated"},{"date":"2019","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":null,"types":{"ris":"DATA","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"dataset","schemaOrg":"Dataset","resourceType":"Dataset","resourceTypeGeneral":"Dataset"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsIdenticalTo","relatedIdentifier":"10.25377/sussex.7271198","relatedIdentifierType":"DOI"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["118663094 Bytes"],"formats":[],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc-by-4.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"Muhammad Darwish (born 1934 from al-Khader) and Mahmoud Saleh (born 1919 from al-Khader) interviewed by Talha Darwish (son of interviewee) on 2 April 2000. \u003cbr\u003eMuhammad Darwish discusses the following: his knowledge of the Ottoman period and World War I came from his father; military conscription involved taking Arabs to the army by force; people used to run away from conscription; his uncle married a woman from the Ta‘amra Bedouin tribes to avoid conscription (her surname was Mahameed), but when the war worsened he had pay 50 gold lira; different types of guns; men were taken to Iraq and Yemen during the war; marriage in those days was easy and not so expensivel; wedding customs including the use of a special camel, slaughtering a sheep for the engagement; people used to gather in their courtyards to tell stories; education consisted only of reading the Quran in the mosque and basic reading and writing; discusses dissemination of news – little information during the Ottoman period but during the British Mandate radios became more common; emigration from al-Khader to the Americas – required special papers to travel; when the British arrived in Palestine they gave people biscuits; men used to marry off their daughters to pay their debts or take a piece of land; local castle/fort where the Ottoman governor used to live; when Ottomans were defeated in the war they left boxes full of gold; building of the famous gate at the entrance to al-Khader in the Ottoman period; Russian pilgrims used to walk through the village on their way to Hebron. \u003cbr\u003eMahmoud Saleh discusses the following: the Ottomans took people by force and made them walk or ride on camels to move from one place to another; his father was conscripted along with his friend; people started marrying foreign women to avoid conscription; when people got married the groom had to buy the clothes and the wedding dress, they killed goats and sheep, and the bride rode on a camel; when someone died they used to scream; every house had its own courtyard to meet, chat and serve coffee – foreigners used to take tours around all the courtyards; people used to help each other in their lives; education was conducted in the home and the teacher took wheat and food as payment; in the Ottoman period women used to harvest the fields; people emigrated overseas; people used to trade their daughters for a piece of land; medicines were made from herbs. \u003cbr\u003eOriginal audio recording: 4 cassette tapes. Transcript: word for word. In the original collection at Bethlehem University these cassette tapes were categorised as File 9 of Box 12. \u003cbr\u003eThis fileset exists as part of the Ottoman Empire and the World War I collection within the Bethlehem University Oral History Project of the Planet Bethlehem Archive.","descriptionType":"Abstract"}],"geoLocations":[],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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