{"data":{"id":"10.1594/pangaea.548752","type":"dois","attributes":{"doi":"10.1594/pangaea.548752","prefix":"10.1594","suffix":"pangaea.548752","identifiers":[],"alternateIdentifiers":[],"creators":[{"name":"Wagenbach, Dietmar","givenName":"Dietmar","familyName":"Wagenbach","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Graf, Wolfgang","givenName":"Wolfgang","familyName":"Graf","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Minikin, Andreas","givenName":"Andreas","familyName":"Minikin","nameIdentifiers":[{"schemeUri":"https://orcid.org","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-4657","nameIdentifierScheme":"ORCID"}],"affiliation":[]},{"name":"Trefzer, Ulrich","givenName":"Ulrich","familyName":"Trefzer","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Kipfstuhl, Sepp","givenName":"Sepp","familyName":"Kipfstuhl","nameIdentifiers":[{"schemeUri":"https://orcid.org","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-5273","nameIdentifierScheme":"ORCID"}],"affiliation":[]},{"name":"Oerter, Hans","givenName":"Hans","familyName":"Oerter","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]},{"name":"Blindow, Norbert","givenName":"Norbert","familyName":"Blindow","affiliation":[],"nameIdentifiers":[]}],"titles":[{"title":"Density and stable oxygen isotope profiles of four snow pits from Berkner Island, Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica"}],"publisher":"PANGAEA","container":{},"publicationYear":1994,"subjects":[{"subject":"Firn auger","subjectScheme":"Method"},{"subject":"Snow pit","subjectScheme":"Method"},{"subject":"FRISP_1992","subjectScheme":"Campaign"},{"subject":"Sampling/drilling ice","subjectScheme":"Basis"},{"subject":"Glaciology @ AWI (AWI_Glac)","subjectScheme":"Project"}],"contributors":[],"dates":[{"date":"1990-01-06T00:00:00","dateType":"Collected"},{"date":"1994","dateType":"Issued"}],"language":"en","types":{"ris":"GEN","bibtex":"misc","citeproc":"article","schemaOrg":"Collection","resourceType":"Supplementary Publication Series of Datasets","resourceTypeGeneral":"Collection"},"relatedIdentifiers":[{"relationType":"IsSupplementTo","relatedIdentifier":"10013/epic.15271.d001","relatedIdentifierType":"Handle"}],"relatedItems":[],"sizes":["6 datasets"],"formats":["application/zip"],"version":null,"rightsList":[{"rights":"Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported","rightsUri":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode","schemeUri":"https://spdx.org/licenses/","rightsIdentifier":"cc-by-3.0","rightsIdentifierScheme":"SPDX"}],"descriptions":[{"description":"The ice cap on Berkner Island is grounded on bedrock within the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf and is, therefore, expected to be a well-suited place to retrieve long-term ice-core records reflecting the environmental situation of the Weddell Sea region. Shallow firn cores were drilled to 11 m at the two main summits of Berkner Island and analysed in high depth resolution for electrical d.c. conductivity (ECM), stable isotopes, chloride, sulphate, nitrate and methane-sulphonate (MSA). From the annual layering of dD and non-sea-salt (nss) sulphate, a mean annual snow accumulation of 26.6 cm water at the north dome and 17.4 cm water at the south dome are obtained. As a result of ineffective wind scouring indicated by a relatively low near-surface snow density, regular annual cycles are found for all species at least in the upper 4-5 m. Post depositional changes are responsible for a substantial decrease of the seasonal dD and nitrate amplitude as well as for considerable migration of the MSA signal operating below a depth of 3-4 m. The mean chemical and isotopic firn properties at the south dome correspond to the situation on the Filchner-Ronne Ice shelf at a comparable distance to the coast, whereas the north dome is found to be more influenced by maritime air masses. Persistent high sea-salt levels in winter snow at Berkner Island heavily obscure the determination of nss sulphate probably due to sulphate fractionation in the Antartic sea-salt aerosols. Estimated time-scales predict ages at 400 m depth to be ca. 2000 years for the north and ca. 3000 years for the south dome. Pleistocene ice is expected in the bottom 200 and 300 m, respectively.","descriptionType":"Abstract"},{"description":"Supplement to: Wagenbach, Dietmar; Graf, Wolfgang; Minikin, Andreas; Trefzer, Ulrich; Kipfstuhl, Sepp; Oerter, Hans; Blindow, Norbert (1994): Reconnaissance of chemical and isotopic firn properties on top of Berkner Island, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology, 20, 307-312","descriptionType":"Other"}],"geoLocations":[{"geoLocationBox":{"eastBoundLongitude":-45.61700000000002,"northBoundLatitude":-78.3,"southBoundLatitude":-79.658,"westBoundLongitude":-46.283000000000015}},{"geoLocationPlace":"Berkner Island (Reinwarthhöhe)"},{"geoLocationPlace":"Berkner Island (Thyssenhöhe)"}],"fundingReferences":[],"xml":"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